Glucocorticoids
別名: Prednisone, Prednisolone, Dexamethasone, Hydrocortisone, Triamcinolone, Methylprednisolone, Kenalog, Recicort
> **CRITICAL WARNING:** Never stop this medication abruptly unless specifically instructed by your veterinarian. Your pet's body stops making its own steroids while on this drug, and sudden withdrawal can cause a life-threatening crisis. * **Expected Changes:** It is very common for pets (especially dogs) to drink more water, urinate more frequently, and have a ravenous appetite while on this medication. Ensure they always have access to fresh water and frequent bathroom breaks. * **Panting:** Dogs may pant excessively; this is a common side effect. * **Behavior:** Some pets may become lethargic, depressed, or unusually irritable. * **When to Call the Vet:** Contact your veterinarian if you notice severe vomiting, dark/tarry stools (a sign of stomach ulcers), extreme weakness, or if the increased thirst/urination becomes unmanageable.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Anti-inflammatory (Prednisolone equivalent)
- Immunosuppressive (Prednisolone equivalent)
- Anti-inflammatory (Prednisolone equivalent)
- Immunosuppressive (Prednisolone equivalent)
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Polyuria (PU), polydipsia (PD), and polyphagia (PP)
- Weight gain and fat redistribution
- Panting (especially in dogs)
- Dull, dry haircoat and alopecia
- Vomiting and diarrhea
- Gastrointestinal ulceration
- Elevated liver enzymes (ALP > ALT) and vacuolar hepatopathy (dogs)
- Pancreatitis
- Insulin resistance leading to or worsening diabetes mellitus
- Muscle wasting and weakness
- Behavioral changes (depression, lethargy, viciousness)
- Iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's syndrome) with chronic use
- Laminitis (horses)
注意事項與禁忌
- Systemic fungal infections (unless used for physiologic replacement)
- Intramuscular administration in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenia
- Known hypersensitivity to the specific compound
- Chronic use of sustained-release injectables for systemic diseases
- Concurrent use with NSAIDs (relative contraindication due to severe GI ulcer risk)
- Pregnant animals
- Renal disease (systemic use)
- Diabetes mellitus (systemic use)
- Systemic fungal infections
- Corneal ulcers
- Concurrent use of NSAIDs
- Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
- Late pregnancy (may induce abortion or parturition)
藥物相互作用
- Amphotericin B: May cause hypokalemia when administered concomitantly
- Anticholinesterase agents (e.g., pyridostigmine): May lead to profound muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis patients; discontinue 24h prior if possible
- Aspirin (salicylates): Glucocorticoids may reduce salicylate blood levels; increased risk of GI ulceration
- Cyclophosphamide: Glucocorticoids may inhibit hepatic metabolism of cyclophosphamide
- Cyclosporine: May mutually inhibit hepatic metabolism, increasing blood levels of both drugs
- Digoxin: Increased risk for arrhythmias secondary to glucocorticoid-induced hypokalemia
- Diuretics (potassium-depleting, e.g., furosemide): May cause additive hypokalemia
- Ephedrine: May increase glucocorticoid metabolism
- Estrogens: May potentiate the effects of hydrocortisone and possibly other glucocorticoids
- Insulin: Insulin requirements may increase due to glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance
- Ketoconazole: May decrease glucocorticoid metabolism
常見問題
Glucocorticoids用於寵物有甚麼用途？
> **CRITICAL WARNING:** Never stop this medication abruptly unless specifically instructed by your veterinarian. Your pet's body stops making its own steroids while on this drug, and sudden withdrawal can cause a life-threatening crisis. * **Expected Changes:** It is very common for pets (especially dogs) to drink more water, urinate more frequently, and have a ravenous appetite while on this medication. Ensure they always have access to fresh water and frequent bathroom breaks. * **Panting:** Dogs may pant excessively; this is a common side effect. * **Behavior:** Some pets may become lethargic, depressed, or unusually irritable. * **When to Call the Vet:** Contact your veterinarian if you notice severe vomiting, dark/tarry stools (a sign of stomach ulcers), extreme weakness, or if the increased thirst/urination becomes unmanageable.
Glucocorticoids對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。