Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis
Immune-mediated polyarthritis
Juga dikenali sebagai: IMPA, Idiopathic Immune-Mediated Nonerosive Polyarthritis, Noninfectious Polyarthritis
Ringkasnya
Immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA) is a common inflammatory joint disease in dogs and cats. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks multiple joints, causing pain, fever, and stiffness. Learn about symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

TL;DR. IMPA ialah keradangan boleh dirawat pada beberapa sendi di mana sistem imun menyerang sinovia; demam, sakit dan gaya jalan «di atas telur» lazim.
Postur kaku dan enggan bergerak ialah tanda awal kerap sakit sendi dalam IMPA.
Apakah itu?
IMPA ialah keradangan bukan septik beberapa sendi akibat deposit kompleks imun dalam sinovia. Lazimnya nonerosif (tulang utuh). Primer (idiopatik) atau reaktif (sekunder kepada jangkitan, keradangan, tumor, ubat, vaksinasi) atau sebahagian SLE.
Punca dan faktor risiko
IMPA idiopatik, SLE, poliartritis reaktif, sindrom baka. Risiko lebih tinggi: Weimaraner, Newfoundland, Chinese Shar-Pei, Boxer, Bernese Mountain Dog, German Shorthaired Pointer, Beagle, Akita/Akita Inu.
Tanda yang perlu diperhatikan
- Demam (kardinal): sering tidak respons antibiotik.
- Tempang dan gaya «di atas telur» (lazim)
- Sakit, kekakuan, bengkak sendi (lazim)
- Kelesuan, anoreksia (lazim)
- Sakit leher (kadang-kadang)

Bengkak pergelangan tanpa luka luar boleh menandakan keradangan sendi aktif.
Bagaimana doktor haiwan mendiagnosis
- Analisis sinovia [piawaian emas]: beberapa sendi; WBC/neutrofil tinggi, kultur negatif.
- X-ray: edema tisu lembut, tiada erosi dalam IMPA nonerosif.
- CBC; ANA jika disyaki SLE.
"Synovial fluid analysis reveals an increase in both white blood cell (WBC) count and the percentage of neutrophils in affected joints, but synovial fluid culture is negative. Even if the underlying inflammatory disease is infectious, the polyarthritis in these patients is caused by synovial deposition of circulating immune complexes, not by infection of the joints."

X-ray mengesahkan keradangan nonerosif: bengkak tanpa kemusnahan tulang.
Pilihan rawatan
- Barisan pertama: Glucocorticoids dos tinggi dengan pengurangan perlahan; sering Doxycycline (kutu + kesan anti-radang ringan).
- Barisan kedua: Cyclosporine, Leflunomide, Mycophenolate Mofetil, Azathioprine (bukan untuk kucing), Chlorambucil, Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate.
"Additional immunosuppressive agents are rarely necessary, because idiopathic nonerosive IMPA is easy to control in most patients. If the polyarthritis is refractory to treatment, the patient should be reevaluated for infectious disease, reactive polyarthritis, and erosive disease prior to considering alternative immunosuppressive agents."
Prognosis
Baik untuk IMPA idiopatik nonerosif; sesetengah memerlukan dos rendah jangka panjang. Lebih buruk dalam SLE dan sesetengah sindrom baka.
Pencegahan
Bentuk idiopatik tidak boleh dicegah. Reaktif: rawat jangkitan awal dan bincang pelan vaksin.
Bila menghubungi doktor haiwan
Demam, kekakuan, kelesuan: temujanji. Kecemasan jika demam sangat tinggi, tidak mampu berdiri, sakit leher teruk, rebah atau sesak nafas semasa imunosupresi.
Untuk baka tertentu
Pantau kekakuan dan demam pada baka predisposisi; akita boleh mengalami sindrom teruk dengan meningitis dan prognosis lebih teruk.
Sumber
- Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, pages 1152, 1153, 1154, 1465, 1466.
My highlights & notes
Tanda & simptom
Baka berisiko lebih tinggi
Cara didiagnosis
- Synovial fluid analysisStandard emas
- Antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Radiography
Pendekatan rawatan
Rawatan mesti dipreskripsikan doktor haiwan berlesen. Dos khusus sengaja tidak dipaparkan.
Soalan lazim
What is Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis?
Immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA) is a common inflammatory joint disease in dogs and cats. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks multiple joints, causing pain, fever, and stiffness. Learn about symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.
What are the symptoms of Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis?
Fever、Loss of appetite、Limping、Lethargy、joint pain、joint swelling、Stiffness、walking on eggshells gait
How is Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis diagnosed?
Synovial fluid analysis、Antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer、Complete Blood Count (CBC)、Radiography
How is Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis treated?
Rawatan mesti dipreskripsikan doktor haiwan berlesen. Dos khusus sengaja tidak dipaparkan.
Sumber
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1154
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1154
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1152
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1152
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1465
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1465
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1153
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1153
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1466
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1466
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