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Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis

Immune-mediated polyarthritis

Juga dikenal sebagai: IMPA, Idiopathic Immune-Mediated Nonerosive Polyarthritis, Noninfectious Polyarthritis

Ditinjau dokter hewanCatDogUrgensi: ModerateSeberapa umum: Common

Singkatnya

Immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA) is a common inflammatory joint disease in dogs and cats. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks multiple joints, causing pain, fever, and stiffness. Learn about symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

A golden retriever dog standing stiffly with a hunched back, showing signs of joint discomfort.
A stiff, hunched posture and reluctance to move are common early signs of joint pain in pets with IMPA.

TL;DR. IMPA adalah peradangan yang dapat diobati pada beberapa sendi di mana sistem imun menyerang sinovia; demam, nyeri, dan gaya jalan «di atas telur» khas.

Postur kaku dan enggan bergerak adalah tanda awal nyeri sendi pada IMPA.

Apa itu?

IMPA adalah peradangan non-septik beberapa sendi akibat deposit kompleks imun di sinovia. Biasanya nonerosif (tulang utuh). Primer (idiopatik) atau reaktif (sekunder terhadap infeksi, peradangan, tumor, obat, vaksinasi) atau bagian SLE.

Penyebab dan faktor risiko

IMPA idiopatik, SLE, poliartritis reaktif, sindrom ras. Risiko lebih tinggi: Weimaraner, Newfoundland, Chinese Shar-Pei, Boxer, Bernese Mountain Dog, German Shorthaired Pointer, Beagle, Akita/Akita Inu.

Tanda yang perlu diperhatikan

  • Demam (kardinal): sering tidak respons antibiotik.
  • Pincang dan gaya «di atas telur» (umum)
  • Nyeri, kekakuan, bengkak sendi (umum)
  • Lesu, anoreksia (umum)
  • Nyeri leher (kadang)

A close-up of a dog's swollen wrist joint, showing localized swelling and redness without any external wounds.
Bengkak pergelangan tanpa luka luar dapat menandakan peradangan sendi aktif.

Bagaimana dokter hewan mendiagnosis

  • Analisis sinovia [standar emas]: beberapa sendi; WBC/neutrofil tinggi, kultur negatif.
  • Rontgen: edema jaringan lunak, tanpa erosi pada IMPA nonerosif.
  • CBC; ANA jika dicurigai SLE.

"Synovial fluid analysis reveals an increase in both white blood cell (WBC) count and the percentage of neutrophils in affected joints, but synovial fluid culture is negative. Even if the underlying inflammatory disease is infectious, the polyarthritis in these patients is caused by synovial deposition of circulating immune complexes, not by infection of the joints."

A veterinary digital X-ray screen displaying a dog's hock joint with visible soft tissue swelling around the joint space.
Rontgen mengonfirmasi peradangan nonerosif: bengkak tanpa destruksi tulang.

Pilihan pengobatan

"Additional immunosuppressive agents are rarely necessary, because idiopathic nonerosive IMPA is easy to control in most patients. If the polyarthritis is refractory to treatment, the patient should be reevaluated for infectious disease, reactive polyarthritis, and erosive disease prior to considering alternative immunosuppressive agents."

Prognosis

Baik pada IMPA idiopatik nonerosif; sebagian butuh dosis rendah jangka panjang. Lebih buruk pada SLE dan beberapa sindrom ras.

Pencegahan

Bentuk idiopatik tidak dapat dicegah. Reaktif: obati infeksi dini dan diskusikan rencana vaksin.

Kapan menghubungi dokter hewan

Demam, kekakuan, lesu: janji. Darurat jika demam sangat tinggi, tidak mampu berdiri, nyeri leher hebat, kolaps, atau sesak napas saat imunosupresi.

Untuk ras tertentu

Pantau kekakuan dan demam pada ras predisposisi; akita dapat mengalami sindrom berat dengan meningitis dan prognosis lebih buruk.

Sumber

  • Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, pages 1152, 1153, 1154, 1465, 1466.

My highlights & notes

Tanda & gejala

Ras berisiko lebih tinggi

Cara didiagnosis

  • Synovial fluid analysisStandar emas
  • Antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer
  • Complete Blood Count (CBC)
  • Radiography

Pendekatan pengobatan

Pengobatan harus diresepkan dokter hewan berlisensi. Dosis spesifik sengaja tidak ditampilkan.

Pertanyaan umum

What is Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis?

Immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA) is a common inflammatory joint disease in dogs and cats. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks multiple joints, causing pain, fever, and stiffness. Learn about symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

What are the symptoms of Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis?

Fever、Loss of appetite、Limping、Lethargy、joint pain、joint swelling、Stiffness、walking on eggshells gait

How is Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis diagnosed?

Synovial fluid analysis、Antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer、Complete Blood Count (CBC)、Radiography

How is Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis treated?

Pengobatan harus diresepkan dokter hewan berlisensi. Dosis spesifik sengaja tidak ditampilkan.

Sumber

  1. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1154
  2. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1154
  3. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1152
  4. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1152
  5. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1465
  6. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1465
  7. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1153
  8. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1153
  9. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1466
  10. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1466

Artikel ini edukasi umum, bukan pengganti saran dokter hewan. Jika hewan sakit, konsultasikan dokter hewan.

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