Doxycycline
別名: Vibramycin, Doxirobe, Periostat, Doryx, Oracea, Monodox, Adoxa, Atridox, Doxybactin, Ronaxan
* **CRITICAL WARNING FOR CATS:** Do not "dry pill" your pet. Doxycycline capsules or tablets can stick in the esophagus and cause severe, permanent damage (strictures). Always follow the pill with at least 6 mL (a little more than a teaspoon) of water or liquid. Buttering the lips after administration can induce salivation and help the pill go down. * **Food and Dairy:** Doxycycline can be given with or without food. Giving it with food may help prevent stomach upset. Unlike older tetracyclines, milk or dairy products do not significantly block the absorption of doxycycline. * **Sunlight:** In rare cases, this medication can make skin more sensitive to sunlight.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Hemotropic mycoplasmosis
- Bartonellosis
- Systemic infections, bacteremia
- Ehrlichiosis or Anaplasmosis
- Clinical hemoplasmosis or bartonellosis
- Toxoplasma gondii
- Susceptible mycobacterial, L-Forms, or mycoplasma infections
- Nocardia (N. nova) infections
- Feline chlamydial infections (C. felis)
- Susceptible bacterial infections
- Feline chlamydiosis
- Lyme disease
- Equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (anaplasmosis; EGE)
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Anorexia
- Elevated liver enzymes (ALT, ALP)
- Esophageal strictures (especially in cats if dry-pilled)
- Superinfections (non-susceptible bacteria or fungi)
- Photosensitivity (reported in humans)
- Cardiac arrhythmias, collapse, and death (if given IV to horses)
- Nausea
- Diarrhoea
- Oesophagitis
- Oesophageal ulceration/stricture (especially in cats)
- Tooth discoloration (if given during tooth development, though risk is lower than other tetracyclines)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to tetracyclines
- Intravenous administration in horses (associated with fatal cardiac arrhythmias)
- First half of pregnancy (can retard fetal skeletal development and discolor deciduous teeth, though less likely than other tetracyclines)
- Pregnant animals
- Animals with evidence of oesophagitis or dysphagia
- > **WARNING:** Do not administer IV to horses due to risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias. Do not give IM or SC to any species. * **Esophageal Strictures:** Highly associated with "dry pilling" in cats. Always follow oral solid doses with at least 6 mL of water or liquid. * **Hepatotoxicity:** Use with caution in animals with significant liver dysfunction, as increases in hepatic enzymes have been documented. * **Pregnancy/Pediatric:** Use with caution in pregnant and young animals due to potential for bone and teeth abnormalities, though doxycycline is safer than older tetracyclines. * **MDR1 Mutants:** Safe to use; no dose alterations recommended for dogs with MDR1 mutations.
藥物相互作用
- Oral Antacids (Aluminum, Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, Bismuth): Chelates with divalent/trivalent cations, significantly decreasing doxycycline absorption. Give at least 1-2 hours apart.
- Bismuth Subsalicylate, Kaolin, Pectin: May reduce gastrointestinal absorption of doxycycline.
- Oral Iron: Decreases tetracycline absorption. Give iron 3 hours before or 2 hours after doxycycline.
- Penicillins / Cephalosporins / Aminoglycosides: Bacteriostatic drugs (doxycycline) may theoretically interfere with the bactericidal activity of these antibiotics.
- Phenobarbital: May decrease doxycycline half-life and reduce serum levels.
- Warfarin: Tetracyclines may depress plasma prothrombin activity; anticoagulant dosage may need adjustment.
- Antacids: Reduced absorption of doxycycline
- Calcium salts: Reduced absorption of doxycycline
- Magnesium salts: Reduced absorption of doxycycline
- Iron salts: Reduced absorption of doxycycline
常見問題
Doxycycline用於寵物有甚麼用途？
* **CRITICAL WARNING FOR CATS:** Do not "dry pill" your pet. Doxycycline capsules or tablets can stick in the esophagus and cause severe, permanent damage (strictures). Always follow the pill with at least 6 mL (a little more than a teaspoon) of water or liquid. Buttering the lips after administration can induce salivation and help the pill go down. * **Food and Dairy:** Doxycycline can be given with or without food. Giving it with food may help prevent stomach upset. Unlike older tetracyclines, milk or dairy products do not significantly block the absorption of doxycycline. * **Sunlight:** In rare cases, this medication can make skin more sensitive to sunlight.
Doxycycline對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。