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Lymphoma

Lymphosarcoma

Cunoscută și ca: Malignant lymphoma, Lymphosarcoma

CatDogUrgență: ModerateCât de frecvent: Common
Compiled from veterinary literature and clinical references· Updated 2026-07-28·How we create this

Pe scurt

Lymphoma is a common and treatable cancer of the immune system in dogs and cats. Originating in solid organs like the lymph nodes, spleen, or intestines, it presents in several distinct forms. Learn how to recognize the signs, what diagnostic tests your vet will perform, and how modern chemotherapy protocols can extend your pet's life while preserving their daily quality of life.

Anatomical diagram of a dog's lymphatic system showing major lymph nodes.
Lymphoma often first presents as painless swelling in the peripheral lymph nodes, which are distributed throughout your pet's body.

TL;DR. Cancer frecvent al limfocitelor in organe solide; adesea ganglioni umflati sau probleme digestive cronice; raspunde bine la chimioterapie.

Adesea umflare nedureroasa a ganglionilor periferici.

Ce este?

Malignitate a limfocitelor din organe solide (ganglioni, ficat, splina, ochi), diferita de leucemia limfoida medulara. Forme: multicentric (caine frecvent), alimentar (pisica frecvent), mediastinal, extranodal (piele, ochi, rinichi, SNC).

Cauze si factori de risc

Multifactorial. Pisica: asociere FeLV/FIV. Mediu (fum, pesticide) suspectat. Varsta medie-avansata.

Semne

  • Limfadenopatie (cardinal, multicentric)
  • Letargie, dispnee/tuse, scadere in greutate, anorexie, varsaturi/diaree (frecvente)
  • PU/PD (hipercalcemie), schimbari oculare/cutanate, stranut, semne neuro (ocazionale)

Close-up of a cat's eye showing cloudiness and redness from anterior uveitis.
Schimbarile oculare precum uveita pot insoti limfomul.

Cum diagnosticheaza medicii veterinari

Citologie FNA, biopsie (standard de aur), ecografie (perete intestinal), staging (hemoleucograma, biochimie, FeLV/FIV, radio/eco), imunofenotip (flow/PARR).

Ultrasound monitor showing a thickened intestinal wall in a cat.
Ecografia arata ingrosarea intestinala tipica limfomului alimentar.

Tratament

Sistemic: multiagent CHOP/CEOP (referinta); COP Protocol ca alternativa; salvare Lomustine, Cytarabine (SNC). Scop: calitatea vietii si remisie.

Prognostic

Fara tratament: ~4–8 saptamani. Caine CHOP: ~80–90% remisie, ~12–16 luni. Pisica CHOP: ~65–75%, ~6–9 luni. Intestinal small-cell (pisica): adesea >2 ani.

Prevenire

Pisica: interior, protectie FeLV. Mai putin fum/pesticide. Controale la seniors.

Cand sunati medicul veterinar

Urgent: detresa respiratorie, cecitate bruscă, colaps, varsaturi/diaree persistente, edem facial, febra/hipotermie.

Surse

  • Small Animal Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, pages 1192, 1194, 1198, 1200.

My highlights & notes

Semne și simptome

Swollen lymph nodes· HallmarkLoss of appetite· CommonDiarrhoea· CommonDifficulty breathing (dyspnea)· CommonLethargy· CommonVomiting (throwing up)· CommonWeight loss (getting thinner)· CommonCoughing· CommonHair loss· OccasionalInflammation inside the eye (anterior uveitis)· OccasionalAzotemia (high kidney waste in the blood)· OccasionalBlindness (loss of vision)· OccasionalDesquamation· OccasionalEpiphora· OccasionalSkin redness· OccasionalExophthalmos· OccasionalFacial deformity· OccasionalNasal discharge· OccasionalNeurologic signs· OccasionalPolydipsia· OccasionalExcessive urination· OccasionalItching and scratching· OccasionalBringing up undigested food· OccasionalEnlarged kidney· OccasionalSneezing· OccasionalStertorous breathing· OccasionalSquinting (blepharospasm)· Occasionalhyphema· Occasionalhypopyon· Occasionalphotophobia· Occasionalretinal detachment· OccasionalHead and neck edema· Rare

Rase cu risc mai mare

Airedale TerrierBasset HoundBoxerEnglish Cocker SpanielGolden RetrieverIrish WolfhoundOriental LonghairRottweilerShih TzuSiamese CatSiberian HuskyYorkshire TerrierCocker SpanielSiamese Dog

Cum se diagnostichează

  • Histopathologic EvaluationStandard de aur
  • Advanced imaging (CT or MRI)
  • CBC, serum biochemistry profile, and urinalysis
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis
  • FeLV and FIV testing
  • Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with cytologic evaluation
  • Flow cytometry
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR)
  • Positive contrast-enhanced radiography of the upper gastrointestinal tract
  • Ultrasonography

Abordări de tratament

CHOP / CEOP Chemotherapy Protocol· Line 1COP Chemotherapy Protocol· Line 2CytarabineLomustine

Tratamentul trebuie prescris de un medic veterinar autorizat. Dozele specifice nu sunt afișate intenționat.

Întrebări frecvente

What is Lymphoma?

Lymphoma is a common and treatable cancer of the immune system in dogs and cats. Originating in solid organs like the lymph nodes, spleen, or intestines, it presents in several distinct forms. Learn how to recognize the signs, what diagnostic tests your vet will perform, and how modern chemotherapy protocols can extend your pet's life while preserving their daily quality of life.

What are the symptoms of Lymphoma?

Swollen lymph nodes、Loss of appetite、Diarrhoea、Difficulty breathing (dyspnea)、Lethargy、Vomiting (throwing up)、Weight loss (getting thinner)、Coughing

How is Lymphoma diagnosed?

Histopathologic Evaluation、Advanced imaging (CT or MRI)、CBC, serum biochemistry profile, and urinalysis、Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis、FeLV and FIV testing、Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with cytologic evaluation

How is Lymphoma treated?

Tratamentul trebuie prescris de un medic veterinar autorizat. Dozele specifice nu sunt afișate intenționat.

Surse

  1. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1194
  2. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1192
  3. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1194
  4. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1198
  5. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1200

Acest articol este educație generală și nu înlocuiește sfatul veterinar. Dacă animalul e bolnav, consultați un veterinar.

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