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Lymphoma

Lymphosarcoma

Također poznato kao: Malignant lymphoma, Lymphosarcoma

CatDogHitnost: ModerateKoliko je često: Common
Compiled from veterinary literature and clinical references· Updated 2026-07-28·How we create this

Ukratko

Lymphoma is a common and treatable cancer of the immune system in dogs and cats. Originating in solid organs like the lymph nodes, spleen, or intestines, it presents in several distinct forms. Learn how to recognize the signs, what diagnostic tests your vet will perform, and how modern chemotherapy protocols can extend your pet's life while preserving their daily quality of life.

Anatomical diagram of a dog's lymphatic system showing major lymph nodes.
Lymphoma often first presents as painless swelling in the peripheral lymph nodes, which are distributed throughout your pet's body.

TL;DR. Cest rak limfocita u cvrstim organima; cesto otecene limfne cvorove ili kronicni GI problemi; dobro reagira na kemoterapiju.

Cesto bezbolno otjecanje perifernih limfnih cvorova.

Sto je to?

Zlocudna bolest limfocita iz cvrstih organa (cvorovi, jetra, slezna, oko), razlicita od limfoidne leukemije iz kostane srzi. Oblici: multicentricni (pas cesto), alimentarni (macka cesto), medijastinalni, ekstranodalni (koza, oko, bubreg, CNS).

Uzroci i cimbenici rizika

Multifaktorijalno. Macka: veza FeLV/FIV. Okolina (dim, pesticidi) sumnjiva. Srednja do starija dob.

Znakovi

  • Limfadenopatija (kardinalna, multicentricna)
  • Letargija, dispneja/kasalj, mrsavljenje, anoreksija, povracanje/proljev (cesti)
  • PU/PD (hiperkalcemija), ocne/kozne promjene, kihanje, neuro znakovi (povremeno)

Close-up of a cat's eye showing cloudiness and redness from anterior uveitis.
Ocne promjene poput uveitisa mogu pratiti.

Kako dijagnosticiraju veterinari

Citologija FNA, biopsija (zlatni standard), ultrazvuk (stijenka crijeva), staging (KKS, biokemija, FeLV/FIV, RTG/UZ), imunofenotip (flow/PARR).

Ultrasound monitor showing a thickened intestinal wall in a cat.
Ultrazvuk pokazuje tipicno zadebljanje stijenke crijeva kod alimentarno limfoma.

Lijecenje

Sustavno: multiagent CHOP/CEOP (referenca); COP Protocol kao alternativa; spasavanje Lomustine, Cytarabine (CNS). Cilj: kvaliteta zivota i remisija.

Prognoza

Bez lijecenja: ~4–8 tjedana. Pas CHOP: ~80–90% remisija, ~12–16 mjeseci. Macka CHOP: ~65–75%, ~6–9 mjeseci. Small-cell crijevni (macka): cesto >2 godine.

Prevencija

Macka: unutra, zastita FeLV. Manje dima/pesticida. Kontrole seniora.

Kada zvati veterinara

Hitno: otezano disanje, iznenadna sljepoca, kolaps, uporne povracanje/proljev, edem lica, vrućica/hipotermija.

Izvori

  • Small Animal Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, pages 1192, 1194, 1198, 1200.

My highlights & notes

Znakovi i simptomi

Swollen lymph nodes· HallmarkLoss of appetite· CommonDiarrhoea· CommonDifficulty breathing (dyspnea)· CommonLethargy· CommonVomiting (throwing up)· CommonWeight loss (getting thinner)· CommonCoughing· CommonHair loss· OccasionalInflammation inside the eye (anterior uveitis)· OccasionalAzotemia (high kidney waste in the blood)· OccasionalBlindness (loss of vision)· OccasionalDesquamation· OccasionalEpiphora· OccasionalSkin redness· OccasionalExophthalmos· OccasionalFacial deformity· OccasionalNasal discharge· OccasionalNeurologic signs· OccasionalPolydipsia· OccasionalExcessive urination· OccasionalItching and scratching· OccasionalBringing up undigested food· OccasionalEnlarged kidney· OccasionalSneezing· OccasionalStertorous breathing· OccasionalSquinting (blepharospasm)· Occasionalhyphema· Occasionalhypopyon· Occasionalphotophobia· Occasionalretinal detachment· OccasionalHead and neck edema· Rare

Pasmine s višim rizikom

Airedale TerrierBasset HoundBoxerEnglish Cocker SpanielGolden RetrieverIrish WolfhoundOriental LonghairRottweilerShih TzuSiamese CatSiberian HuskyYorkshire TerrierCocker SpanielSiamese Dog

Kako se dijagnosticira

  • Histopathologic EvaluationZlatni standard
  • Advanced imaging (CT or MRI)
  • CBC, serum biochemistry profile, and urinalysis
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis
  • FeLV and FIV testing
  • Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with cytologic evaluation
  • Flow cytometry
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR)
  • Positive contrast-enhanced radiography of the upper gastrointestinal tract
  • Ultrasonography

Pristupi liječenju

CHOP / CEOP Chemotherapy Protocol· Line 1COP Chemotherapy Protocol· Line 2CytarabineLomustine

Liječenje mora propisati licencirani veterinar. Specifične doze namjerno nisu prikazane.

Česta pitanja

What is Lymphoma?

Lymphoma is a common and treatable cancer of the immune system in dogs and cats. Originating in solid organs like the lymph nodes, spleen, or intestines, it presents in several distinct forms. Learn how to recognize the signs, what diagnostic tests your vet will perform, and how modern chemotherapy protocols can extend your pet's life while preserving their daily quality of life.

What are the symptoms of Lymphoma?

Swollen lymph nodes、Loss of appetite、Diarrhoea、Difficulty breathing (dyspnea)、Lethargy、Vomiting (throwing up)、Weight loss (getting thinner)、Coughing

How is Lymphoma diagnosed?

Histopathologic Evaluation、Advanced imaging (CT or MRI)、CBC, serum biochemistry profile, and urinalysis、Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis、FeLV and FIV testing、Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with cytologic evaluation

How is Lymphoma treated?

Liječenje mora propisati licencirani veterinar. Specifične doze namjerno nisu prikazane.

Izvori

  1. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1194
  2. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1192
  3. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1194
  4. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1198
  5. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1200

Ovaj članak je opća edukacija i ne zamjenjuje veterinarski savjet. Ako je ljubimac bolestan, obratite se veterinaru.

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