Ethylene Glycol Toxicity
Ook bekend als: Ethylene glycol poisoning, Ethylene glycol intoxication, Antifreeze poisoning
Kort samengevat
Ethylene glycol toxicity, commonly known as antifreeze poisoning, is a rapid and deadly emergency for dogs and cats. Ingesting even a tiny amount can cause irreversible kidney failure within hours. Learn the critical signs, diagnostic steps, and why immediate veterinary treatment is the only way to save your pet's life.
TL;DR. Antivries: blijvend nierfalen zonder antidotum binnen uren.
Zoete plassen.
Wat is het?
Sweet antifreeze/de-icer. Liver metabolites cause severe metabolic acidosis and renal tubular necrosis with calcium oxalate crystals. Minutes matter.
Oorzaken en risicofactoren
Automotive antifreeze, some washer fluids, heat exchangers. Outdoor access to garages/driveways. Cats: ~1 teaspoon can kill; dogs: a few tablespoons.
Signalen
- Phase 1 (0.5-12 h): ataxia, vomiting, polyuria/polydipsia ("drunk")
- Phase 2 (12-24 h): seeming improvement but tachycardia/tachypnea
- Phase 3 (12-72 h): severe depression, anuria, seizures, uremic breath
- Metabolic acidosis, AKI, tubular necrosis, oxalate crystals (common)
Vroege fase: wankelen.
Diagnostiek
Rapid ethylene glycol blood screen (early only), urinalysis for picket-fence oxalate crystals, chemistry/blood gas for azotemia and high anion-gap acidosis.
Snelle bloedscreening.
Behandeling
Antidotes: preferred Fomepizole; if unavailable Ethanol. Never combine fomepizole and ethanol. Aggressive IV fluids; hemodialysis if available for established failure.
Prognose
Dogs: good if antidote within ~8 h. Cats: good only within ~3 h; delay beyond ~4 h nearly always fatal without hemodialysis. Established anuric AKI: grave.
Preventie
Seal antifreeze high and dry; clean spills immediately; prefer propylene-glycol coolants; leash walks; keep cats indoors.
Wanneer de dierenarts bellen
Any suspected antifreeze exposure is Level-5 emergency. Do not wait for "drunk" signs; go to ER now.
Bronnen
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition, page 437.
- Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, pages 1411, 1594, 1596.
My highlights & notes
Tekenen & symptomen
Hoe het wordt gediagnosticeerd
- Ethylene glycol screening test
Behandelbenaderingen
Behandeling moet worden voorgeschreven door een bevoegde dierenarts. Specifieke doses worden expres niet getoond.
Veelgestelde vragen
What is Ethylene Glycol Toxicity?
Ethylene glycol toxicity, commonly known as antifreeze poisoning, is a rapid and deadly emergency for dogs and cats. Ingesting even a tiny amount can cause irreversible kidney failure within hours. Learn the critical signs, diagnostic steps, and why immediate veterinary treatment is the only way to save your pet's life.
What are the symptoms of Ethylene Glycol Toxicity?
Acute kidney injury、Calcium oxalate crystal formation、Metabolic acidosis、Renal tubular necrosis、Azotemia (high kidney waste in the blood)
How is Ethylene Glycol Toxicity diagnosed?
Ethylene glycol screening test
How is Ethylene Glycol Toxicity treated?
Behandeling moet worden voorgeschreven door een bevoegde dierenarts. Specifieke doses worden expres niet getoond.
Bronnen
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 437
- Plumb · p. 1594
- Plumb · p. 1411
- Plumb · p. 1596
Dit artikel is algemene educatie en geen vervanging voor professioneel veterinair advies. Bij ziekte: raadpleeg een dierenarts.
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