Ethylene Glycol Toxicity
Nota anche come: Ethylene glycol poisoning, Ethylene glycol intoxication, Antifreeze poisoning
In breve
Ethylene glycol toxicity, commonly known as antifreeze poisoning, is a rapid and deadly emergency for dogs and cats. Ingesting even a tiny amount can cause irreversible kidney failure within hours. Learn the critical signs, diagnostic steps, and why immediate veterinary treatment is the only way to save your pet's life.
TL;DR. Antigelo: insufficienza renale permanente senza antidoto in ore.
Pozzanghere dolci.
Cos'è?
Sweet antifreeze/de-icer. Liver metabolites cause severe metabolic acidosis and renal tubular necrosis with calcium oxalate crystals. Minutes matter.
Cause e fattori di rischio
Automotive antifreeze, some washer fluids, heat exchangers. Outdoor access to garages/driveways. Cats: ~1 teaspoon can kill; dogs: a few tablespoons.
Segni da osservare
- Phase 1 (0.5-12 h): ataxia, vomiting, polyuria/polydipsia ("drunk")
- Phase 2 (12-24 h): seeming improvement but tachycardia/tachypnea
- Phase 3 (12-72 h): severe depression, anuria, seizures, uremic breath
- Metabolic acidosis, AKI, tubular necrosis, oxalate crystals (common)
Fase iniziale: instabilità.
Come diagnosticano i veterinari
Rapid ethylene glycol blood screen (early only), urinalysis for picket-fence oxalate crystals, chemistry/blood gas for azotemia and high anion-gap acidosis.
Screening ematico rapido.
Opzioni di trattamento
Antidotes: preferred Fomepizole; if unavailable Ethanol. Never combine fomepizole and ethanol. Aggressive IV fluids; hemodialysis if available for established failure.
Prognosi
Dogs: good if antidote within ~8 h. Cats: good only within ~3 h; delay beyond ~4 h nearly always fatal without hemodialysis. Established anuric AKI: grave.
Prevenzione
Seal antifreeze high and dry; clean spills immediately; prefer propylene-glycol coolants; leash walks; keep cats indoors.
Quando chiamare il veterinario
Any suspected antifreeze exposure is Level-5 emergency. Do not wait for "drunk" signs; go to ER now.
Fonti
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition, page 437.
- Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, pages 1411, 1594, 1596.
My highlights & notes
Segni e sintomi
Come si diagnostica
- Ethylene glycol screening test
Approcci di trattamento
Il trattamento deve essere prescritto da un veterinario abilitato in base al vostro animale. Le dosi specifiche non sono mostrate di proposito.
Domande frequenti
What is Ethylene Glycol Toxicity?
Ethylene glycol toxicity, commonly known as antifreeze poisoning, is a rapid and deadly emergency for dogs and cats. Ingesting even a tiny amount can cause irreversible kidney failure within hours. Learn the critical signs, diagnostic steps, and why immediate veterinary treatment is the only way to save your pet's life.
What are the symptoms of Ethylene Glycol Toxicity?
Acute kidney injury、Calcium oxalate crystal formation、Metabolic acidosis、Renal tubular necrosis、Azotemia (high kidney waste in the blood)
How is Ethylene Glycol Toxicity diagnosed?
Ethylene glycol screening test
How is Ethylene Glycol Toxicity treated?
Il trattamento deve essere prescritto da un veterinario abilitato in base al vostro animale. Le dosi specifiche non sono mostrate di proposito.
Fonti
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 437
- Plumb · p. 1594
- Plumb · p. 1411
- Plumb · p. 1596
Questo articolo è informativo e non sostituisce il parere veterinario. Se l’animale sta male, consultate un veterinario.
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