Ethylene Glycol Toxicity
Aussi appelé: Ethylene glycol poisoning, Ethylene glycol intoxication, Antifreeze poisoning
En bref
Ethylene glycol toxicity, commonly known as antifreeze poisoning, is a rapid and deadly emergency for dogs and cats. Ingesting even a tiny amount can cause irreversible kidney failure within hours. Learn the critical signs, diagnostic steps, and why immediate veterinary treatment is the only way to save your pet's life.
TL;DR. L'antigel cause une insuffisance rénale permanente sans antidote en heures.
Flaques d'antigel: goût sucré attractif.
Qu'est-ce que c'est ?
Sweet antifreeze/de-icer. Liver metabolites cause severe metabolic acidosis and renal tubular necrosis with calcium oxalate crystals. Minutes matter.
Causes et facteurs de risque
Automotive antifreeze, some washer fluids, heat exchangers. Outdoor access to garages/driveways. Cats: ~1 teaspoon can kill; dogs: a few tablespoons.
Signes à surveiller
- Phase 1 (0.5-12 h): ataxia, vomiting, polyuria/polydipsia ("drunk")
- Phase 2 (12-24 h): seeming improvement but tachycardia/tachypnea
- Phase 3 (12-72 h): severe depression, anuria, seizures, uremic breath
- Metabolic acidosis, AKI, tubular necrosis, oxalate crystals (common)
Phase initiale: instabilité type ivresse.
Comment les vétérinaires diagnostiquent
Rapid ethylene glycol blood screen (early only), urinalysis for picket-fence oxalate crystals, chemistry/blood gas for azotemia and high anion-gap acidosis.
Dépistage sanguin rapide essentiel.
Options de traitement
Antidotes: preferred Fomepizole; if unavailable Ethanol. Never combine fomepizole and ethanol. Aggressive IV fluids; hemodialysis if available for established failure.
Pronostic
Dogs: good if antidote within ~8 h. Cats: good only within ~3 h; delay beyond ~4 h nearly always fatal without hemodialysis. Established anuric AKI: grave.
Prévention
Seal antifreeze high and dry; clean spills immediately; prefer propylene-glycol coolants; leash walks; keep cats indoors.
Quand appeler le vétérinaire
Any suspected antifreeze exposure is Level-5 emergency. Do not wait for "drunk" signs; go to ER now.
Sources
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition, page 437.
- Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, pages 1411, 1594, 1596.
My highlights & notes
Signes et symptômes
Comment c’est diagnostiqué
- Ethylene glycol screening test
Approches de traitement
Le traitement doit être prescrit par un vétérinaire agréé selon votre animal. Les doses précises ne sont volontairement pas affichées.
Questions fréquentes
What is Ethylene Glycol Toxicity?
Ethylene glycol toxicity, commonly known as antifreeze poisoning, is a rapid and deadly emergency for dogs and cats. Ingesting even a tiny amount can cause irreversible kidney failure within hours. Learn the critical signs, diagnostic steps, and why immediate veterinary treatment is the only way to save your pet's life.
What are the symptoms of Ethylene Glycol Toxicity?
Acute kidney injury、Calcium oxalate crystal formation、Metabolic acidosis、Renal tubular necrosis、Azotemia (high kidney waste in the blood)
How is Ethylene Glycol Toxicity diagnosed?
Ethylene glycol screening test
How is Ethylene Glycol Toxicity treated?
Le traitement doit être prescrit par un vétérinaire agréé selon votre animal. Les doses précises ne sont volontairement pas affichées.
Sources
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 437
- Plumb · p. 1594
- Plumb · p. 1411
- Plumb · p. 1596
Cet article est informatif et ne remplace pas un avis vétérinaire. Si votre animal est malade, consultez un vétérinaire.
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