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Canine Distemper

Canine distemper virus

Även känd som: CDV Infection, Canine Distemper Virus Infection, Hard pad disease

DogFerretBrådska: High
Compiled from veterinary literature and clinical references· Updated 2026-07-28·How we create this

Kort sagt

Canine distemper is a highly contagious, severe viral disease affecting dogs and ferrets. It attacks multiple body systems, including the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems, often leading to irreversible neurological damage. Understanding its signs, diagnostic process, and the critical importance of vaccination is essential for every pet owner.

A sick domestic dog resting on a veterinary examination table.
Canine distemper is a highly contagious viral disease that causes severe lethargy and systemic illness.

TL;DR. Mycket smittsam, livshotande virusinfektion hos hund och iller med skador på andningsvägar, mag-tarm och nervsystem; ofta permanenta neurologiska följder.

Allvarlig systemisk sjukdom med uttalad letargi.

Vad är det?

Morbillivirus (CDV). Drabbar lymfoid, nervös och epitelvävnad. Faser: lymfopeni/feber, sedan andningsvägar/GI/hud/ögon, ofta CNS. Inget botande antiviralt medel.

Orsaker och riskfaktorer

Aerosol och kroppsvätskor.

"CDV is shed in respiratory secretions for up to 90 days after infection. Initial replication of CDV is in lymphoid tissue, and viral destruction of lymphocytes results in lymphopenia and pyrexia."

Ovaccinerade valpar 6-12 veckor högst risk; illrar nästan 100% dödligt. Ingen raspredisposition.

Tecken

  • Myoklonus (kardinal)
  • Vanliga: feber, depression, mukopurulent näsflöde, hosta, kräkning/diarré, pustler, hyperkeratos (hard pad), kramper, ataxi
  • Ibland: uveit, optikusneurit, KCS, emaljhypoplasi

A close-up of a dog's thickened, cracked paw pads.
Hyperkeratos av trampdynor är klassisk.

Diagnostik

CBC (lymfopeni), thoraxröntgen, konjunktivalcytologi, RT-PCR (guldstandard), IHC, ibland CSF.

A digital X-ray monitor displaying a dog's chest radiograph.
Thoraxröntgen bedömer sekundär pneumoni.

Behandling

Endast stödjande: IV-vätska, antibiotika mot sekundärinfektion, andningsterapi, antiemetika, antikonvulsiva. Glucocorticoids selektivt. Strikt isolering.

Prognos

Ofta dålig, särskilt vid CNS-tecken.

"CNS disease is generally progressive and carries a poor prognosis; it can develop in some dogs that never had systemic signs of disease recognized."

Prevention

Core-vaccin valpar + boosters; iller-specifikt vaccin; karantän; desinfektion.

När kontakta veterinär

Akut: kramper/myoklonus; svår andnöd; gulgrön flytning; kollaps; allvarliga GI-tecken; plötslig blindhet.

Källor

  • Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, pages 1077, 1375
  • Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition, page 561

My highlights & notes

Tecken & symptom

Myoclonus· HallmarkLoss of appetite· CommonAtaxia (wobbly, unsteady walking)· CommonLow mood and dullness· CommonDiarrhoea· CommonEnamel hypoplasia· CommonFever· CommonHyperkeratosis of the nose and footpads· CommonMucopurulent nasal discharge· CommonParesis· CommonPustular dermatitis· CommonSeizures· CommonVomiting (throwing up)· CommonCoughing· CommonMiscarriage (pregnancy loss)· OccasionalInflammation inside the eye (anterior uveitis)· OccasionalKeratoconjunctivitis sicca· OccasionalMedallion lesions· OccasionalOld dog encephalitis· OccasionalOptic neuritis· OccasionalRetinochoroiditis· OccasionalStillbirth· Occasional

Hur det diagnostiseras

  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis
  • Complete Blood Count (CBC)
  • Cytologic examination of conjunctival scrapings
  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on biopsies
  • Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
  • Thoracic radiography

Behandlingsmetoder

Glucocorticoids· Line 2

Behandling måste ordineras av legitimerad veterinär. Specifika doser visas medvetet inte.

Vanliga frågor

What is Canine Distemper?

Canine distemper is a highly contagious, severe viral disease affecting dogs and ferrets. It attacks multiple body systems, including the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems, often leading to irreversible neurological damage. Understanding its signs, diagnostic process, and the critical importance of vaccination is essential for every pet owner.

What are the symptoms of Canine Distemper?

Myoclonus、Loss of appetite、Ataxia (wobbly, unsteady walking)、Low mood and dullness、Diarrhoea、Enamel hypoplasia、Fever、Hyperkeratosis of the nose and footpads

How is Canine Distemper diagnosed?

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis、Complete Blood Count (CBC)、Cytologic examination of conjunctival scrapings、Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on biopsies、Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)、Thoracic radiography

How is Canine Distemper treated?

Behandling måste ordineras av legitimerad veterinär. Specifika doser visas medvetet inte.

Källor

  1. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1375
  2. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1375
  3. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1077
  4. Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 561
  5. Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 561

Artikeln är allmän information och ersätter inte veterinärråd. Om djuret mår dåligt, kontakta veterinär.

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