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Canine Distemper

Canine distemper virus

Također poznato kao: CDV Infection, Canine Distemper Virus Infection, Hard pad disease

DogFerretHitnost: High
Compiled from veterinary literature and clinical references· Updated 2026-07-28·How we create this

Ukratko

Canine distemper is a highly contagious, severe viral disease affecting dogs and ferrets. It attacks multiple body systems, including the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems, often leading to irreversible neurological damage. Understanding its signs, diagnostic process, and the critical importance of vaccination is essential for every pet owner.

A sick domestic dog resting on a veterinary examination table.
Canine distemper is a highly contagious viral disease that causes severe lethargy and systemic illness.

TL;DR. Visoko zarazna, životno opasna virusna infekcija pasa i tvorica s oštećenjem dišnog, probavnog i živčanog sustava; često trajne neurološke posljedice.

Teška sistemska bolest s izraženom letargijom.

Što je to?

Morbillivirus (CDV). Pogađa limfoidno, nervno i epitelno tkivo. Faze: limfopenija/vrućica, zatim dišni put/GI/koža/oči, često CNS. Nema ljekovitog antivirusnog lijeka.

Uzroci i čimbenici rizika

Aerosol i tjelesne tekućine.

"CDV is shed in respiratory secretions for up to 90 days after infection. Initial replication of CDV is in lymphoid tissue, and viral destruction of lymphocytes results in lymphopenia and pyrexia."

Nevakcinirani štenci 6-12 tjedana najveći rizik; tvorice gotovo 100% smrtnost. Nema rasne predispozicije.

Znakovi

  • Mioklonus (kardinalni)
  • Česti: vrućica, depresija, mukopurulentni nosni iscjedak, kašalj, povraćanje/proljev, pustule, hiperkeratoza (hard pad), napadaji, ataksija
  • Povremeni: uveitis, optički neuritis, KCS, hipoplazija cakline

A close-up of a dog's thickened, cracked paw pads.
Hiperkeratoza jastučića je klasična.

Dijagnoza

KKS (limfopenija), rtg toraksa, citologija spojnice, RT-PCR (zlatni standard), IHC, ponekad likvor.

A digital X-ray monitor displaying a dog's chest radiograph.
Rtg toraksa procjenjuje sekundarnu pneumoniju.

Liječenje

Samo potporno: IV tekućine, antibiotici za sekundarne infekcije, respiracijska terapija, antiemetici, antikonvulzivi. Glucocorticoids selektivno. Stroga izolacija.

Prognoza

Često loša, osobito s CNS znakovima.

"CNS disease is generally progressive and carries a poor prognosis; it can develop in some dogs that never had systemic signs of disease recognized."

Prevencija

Core cjepivo štenaca + poticaji; cjepivo za tvorice; karantena; dezinfekcija.

Kada zvati veterinara

Hitno: napadaji/mioklonus; teška dispneja; žuto-zeleni iscjedak; kolaps; teški GI znakovi; nagla sljepoća.

Izvori

  • Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, pages 1077, 1375
  • Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition, page 561

My highlights & notes

Znakovi i simptomi

Myoclonus· HallmarkLoss of appetite· CommonAtaxia (wobbly, unsteady walking)· CommonLow mood and dullness· CommonDiarrhoea· CommonEnamel hypoplasia· CommonFever· CommonHyperkeratosis of the nose and footpads· CommonMucopurulent nasal discharge· CommonParesis· CommonPustular dermatitis· CommonSeizures· CommonVomiting (throwing up)· CommonCoughing· CommonMiscarriage (pregnancy loss)· OccasionalInflammation inside the eye (anterior uveitis)· OccasionalKeratoconjunctivitis sicca· OccasionalMedallion lesions· OccasionalOld dog encephalitis· OccasionalOptic neuritis· OccasionalRetinochoroiditis· OccasionalStillbirth· Occasional

Kako se dijagnosticira

  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis
  • Complete Blood Count (CBC)
  • Cytologic examination of conjunctival scrapings
  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on biopsies
  • Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
  • Thoracic radiography

Pristupi liječenju

Glucocorticoids· Line 2

Liječenje mora propisati licencirani veterinar. Specifične doze namjerno nisu prikazane.

Česta pitanja

What is Canine Distemper?

Canine distemper is a highly contagious, severe viral disease affecting dogs and ferrets. It attacks multiple body systems, including the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems, often leading to irreversible neurological damage. Understanding its signs, diagnostic process, and the critical importance of vaccination is essential for every pet owner.

What are the symptoms of Canine Distemper?

Myoclonus、Loss of appetite、Ataxia (wobbly, unsteady walking)、Low mood and dullness、Diarrhoea、Enamel hypoplasia、Fever、Hyperkeratosis of the nose and footpads

How is Canine Distemper diagnosed?

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis、Complete Blood Count (CBC)、Cytologic examination of conjunctival scrapings、Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on biopsies、Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)、Thoracic radiography

How is Canine Distemper treated?

Liječenje mora propisati licencirani veterinar. Specifične doze namjerno nisu prikazane.

Izvori

  1. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1375
  2. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1375
  3. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1077
  4. Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 561
  5. Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 561

Ovaj članak je opća edukacija i ne zamjenjuje veterinarski savjet. Ako je ljubimac bolestan, obratite se veterinaru.

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