Anal Sac Adenocarcinoma
Apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma
Ayrıca bilinen adıyla: Apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma, Anal sac carcinoma, Apocrine gland adenocarcinoma of the anal sac
Kısaca
Anal sac adenocarcinoma is a common, aggressive cancer of the scent glands in dogs. It frequently spreads to local lymph nodes and causes elevated blood calcium levels. Learn the signs, diagnostic steps, and treatment options.
TL;DR. Erken lenf nodu metastazı ve sıklıkla yaşamı tehdit eden hiperkalsemi ile agresif anal kese kanseri.
Anal keseler rektumun yanındadır; cerrahi hassastır.
Nedir?
Apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma (AGASACA): locally invasive scent-gland cancer; early sublumbar node metastasis; hypercalcemia of malignancy via PTH-like protein is common and kidney-toxic.
Nedenler ve risk faktörleri
Cause unknown. Middle-aged to older dogs (~9–11 y). Higher risk: Beagle, German Shepherd Dog, English Cocker Spaniel.
İzlenmesi gereken belirtiler
- Anal sac/pararectal mass, PU/PD, anorexia, weight loss, vomiting (common)
- Tenesmus, constipation, dyschezia (occasional)
- Emergency: persistent vomiting, extreme lethargy, inability to defecate, collapse
Pelvik tıkanıklıkta tenesmus yaygındır.
Veterinerler nasıl tanılar
Rectal exam, cytology (FNA), histopathology (gold standard), blood (ionized Ca²⁺, kidney values), abdominal ultrasound, 3-view thoracic radiographs.
Ultrason sublumbar düğümleri ve metastazları değerlendirir.
Tedavi seçenekleri
Surgery (primary ± lymphadenectomy). Chemo e.g. mitoxantrone. Pain: opioids; NSAIDs cautiously (carprofen). Hypercalcemia: IV fluids before surgery.
Prognoz
Guarded; stage drives outcome. Metastatic rate variable (~40–90%).
Önleme
No known prevention. Early detection via routine rectal examination.
Ne zaman veterinere başvurmalı
Tenesmus, anal swelling, polyuria/polydipsia, anorexia/weight loss. Emergency if no stool, continuous vomiting, or collapse.
Kaynaklar
- Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, page 521.
- 2016 Oncology Guidelines.
- Current Techniques in Small Animal Surgery, 5th Edition, page 329.
- Current Techniques in Small Animal Surgery, 5th Edition, page 66.
My highlights & notes
Belirti ve bulgular
Daha yüksek riskli ırklar
Nasıl teşhis edilir
- Histopathologic EvaluationAltın standart
- 3-View Chest Radiographs
- Abdominal Ultrasonography
- Cytologic evaluation
- Rectal examination
Tedavi yaklaşımları
Tedavi, lisanslı veteriner tarafından reçete edilmelidir. Spesifik dozlar kasıtlı gösterilmez.
Sık sorulan sorular
What is Anal Sac Adenocarcinoma?
Anal sac adenocarcinoma is a common, aggressive cancer of the scent glands in dogs. It frequently spreads to local lymph nodes and causes elevated blood calcium levels. Learn the signs, diagnostic steps, and treatment options.
What are the symptoms of Anal Sac Adenocarcinoma?
Anal sac mass、Loss of appetite、Hypercalcemia、Pararectal mass、Polyuria-polydipsia、Vomiting (throwing up)、Weight loss (getting thinner)、Constipation
How is Anal Sac Adenocarcinoma diagnosed?
Histopathologic Evaluation、3-View Chest Radiographs、Abdominal Ultrasonography、Cytologic evaluation、Rectal examination
How is Anal Sac Adenocarcinoma treated?
Tedavi, lisanslı veteriner tarafından reçete edilmelidir. Spesifik dozlar kasıtlı gösterilmez.
Kaynaklar
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 521
- 2016 oncology guidelines
- Current Techniques in Small Animal Surgery, 5th Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 329
- Current Techniques in Small Animal Surgery, 5th Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 66
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