Aortic Thromboembolism
Systemic arterial thromboembolism
Também conhecido como: FATE, Feline Aortic Thromboembolism, Saddle Thrombus, Saddle Embolus, Systemic Arterial Thromboembolism
Em resumo
Aortic thromboembolism, or saddle thrombus, is a sudden, life-threatening emergency in dogs and cats where a blood clot blocks blood flow to the hind limbs. This guide explains the causes, critical warning signs, diagnostic process, and intensive treatment options for this severe cardiovascular condition.
TL;DR. Trombo em sela: emergência súbita que bloqueia o fluxo para as patas traseiras; dor extrema e paralisia.
O trombo se aloja na trifurcação aórtica.
O que é?
Saddle thrombus: cardiac embolus lodges at the aortic trifurcation, cutting hind-limb flow. Ischemia leads to rhabdomyolysis, nerve injury, paresis/paralysis, and extreme pain.
Causas e fatores de risco
Cat: usually HCM with enlarged left atrium. Dog: hypercoagulable states (Cushing, protein-losing nephropathy, IMHA, neoplasia, sepsis, pancreatitis, etc.).
Sinais a observar
- Severe pain, hind paresis/paralysis, absent femoral pulses (cardinal)
- Cold limbs, pale/cyanotic pads, tachypnea, hypothermia (common)
- Muscle contracture, murmur/arrhythmia (occasional)
Coxins pálidos ou azulados e patas frias são clássicos.
Como os veterinários diagnosticam
Clinical five Ps (pain, paresis, pulselessness, pallor, poikilothermia). Echocardiography, abdominal ultrasound/Doppler, thoracic radiographs before diuretics, CK/AST, TEG if available.
O eco mostra dilatação atrial e muitas vezes trombo ou smoke.
Opções de tratamento
Opioid analgesia. Anticoagulation: heparin, LMWH; long-term clopidogrel, sometimes aspirin. Oxygen; cautious fluids. Monitor reperfusion injury (hyperkalemia).
Prognóstico
Poor: high acute mortality/euthanasia; recurrences common.
Prevenção
Early cardiac screening; clopidogrel if marked LA enlargement. Treat underlying disease in dogs.
Quando chamar o veterinário
Category-5 emergency: sudden hind-limb paralysis, crying in pain, cold pale paws, severe dyspnea.
Fontes
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition, p. 253
- Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, pp. 235, 236, 244
My highlights & notes
Sinais e sintomas
Raças de maior risco
Como é diagnosticado
- Abdominal Ultrasonography
- Angiography
- Doppler studies
- Echocardiography
- Measurement of muscle enzymes
- Thoracic radiography
- Thromboelastography
Abordagens de tratamento
O tratamento deve ser prescrito por um veterinário licenciado. As doses específicas não são mostradas de propósito.
Perguntas frequentes
What is Aortic Thromboembolism?
Aortic thromboembolism, or saddle thrombus, is a sudden, life-threatening emergency in dogs and cats where a blood clot blocks blood flow to the hind limbs. This guide explains the causes, critical warning signs, diagnostic process, and intensive treatment options for this severe cardiovascular condition.
What are the symptoms of Aortic Thromboembolism?
Absent arterial pulse、Acute limb paresis、Pain、Posterior paresis、Azotemia (high kidney waste in the blood)、Cool distal limbs、Cyanotic nailbeds、Difficulty breathing (dyspnea)
How is Aortic Thromboembolism diagnosed?
Abdominal Ultrasonography、Angiography、Doppler studies、Echocardiography、Measurement of muscle enzymes、Thoracic radiography
How is Aortic Thromboembolism treated?
O tratamento deve ser prescrito por um veterinário licenciado. As doses específicas não são mostradas de propósito.
Fontes
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 253
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 236
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 244
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 235
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 236
Este artigo é educação geral e não substitui orientação veterinária. Se o pet estiver mal, consulte um veterinário.
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