Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Feline restrictive cardiomyopathy
Juga dikenali sebagai: RCM, Feline Restrictive Cardiomyopathy, Endomyocardial Fibrosis
Ringkasnya
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is an uncommon but serious feline heart disease characterized by stiffening of the heart muscle. This stiffness prevents the heart from filling properly, leading to congestive heart failure and a high risk of blood clots. Learn the signs, how vets diagnose it, and what to expect.
TL;DR. Penyakit jantung kucing progresif: parut mengekalkan kekakuan bilik, menghalang pengisian, dan sering membawa kepada kegagalan jantung atau pembekuan darah.
Fibrosis mengekalkan dinding; atrium kiri sering membesar ketara.
Apakah ia?
RCM jarang tetapi serius. Berbeza HCM (dinding tebal), terasnya kekakuan ekstrem dari fibrosis: disfungsi diastolik, sandaran ke atrium kiri, edema/efusi, risiko tromboembolisme tinggi.
Based on this classification scheme, there are four basic types of cardiomyopathy: (1) dilated cardiomyopathy, (2) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), (3) restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM), and (4) arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. All these forms are observed in the cat.
Bentuk miokardial dan endomiokardial.
Punca dan faktor risiko
Idiopatik, berkemungkinan multifaktorial.
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is associated with extensive endocardial, subendocardial, or myocardial fibrosis of unclear, but probably multifactorial, cause.
Kucing pertengahan hingga tua; tiada predisposisi baka didokumenkan.
Tanda
- Dispnea, takipnea, bernafas mulut terbuka (lazim)
- Tidak aktif, anoreksia, hilang berat, muntah (lazim)
- Pembesaran urat jugular (lazim)
- Tromboembolisme / saddle thrombus (lazim dan kecemasan)
- Murmur, gallop, aritmia (kadang-kadang)
Usaha pernafasan meningkat memberi amaran kegagalan kongestif.
Diagnostik
Ekokardiografi (standard emas): atrium kiri besar, ketebalan dinding hampir normal, pengisian kaku. X-ray dada, ECG.
Rawatan
Tiada penawar fibrosis. Diuretik, ACEI, antiplatelet (clopidogrel), antiaritmia jika perlu. Pantau kadar nafas rehat.
Prognosis
Berjaga-jaga hingga buruk; progresif. Dengan penangkapan awal, beberapa bulan hingga >1 tahun selesa mungkin.
Pencegahan
Tiada pencegahan primer. Pemeriksaan rutin; murmur/gallop/aritmia disiasat.
Bila hubungi doktor haiwan
Segera jika kadar nafas rehat >30–40/min, nafas mulut terbuka, lumpuh kaki belakang, tapak kaki sejuk, kolaps, atau anoreksia total.
Sumber
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, Page 250.
- Internal Medicine, Page 187.
- Clinical Echocardiography of the Dog and Cat, Pages 211, 212.
My highlights & notes
Tanda & simptom
Baka berisiko lebih tinggi
Cara didiagnosis
- EchocardiographyStandard emas
- Electrocardiography (ECG)
- Thoracic radiography
Soalan lazim
What is Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is an uncommon but serious feline heart disease characterized by stiffening of the heart muscle. This stiffness prevents the heart from filling properly, leading to congestive heart failure and a high risk of blood clots. Learn the signs, how vets diagnose it, and what to expect.
What are the symptoms of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
Inactivity、Jugular vein distention、Jugular vein pulsation、Poor appetite、Respiratory signs、Thromboembolic events、Vomiting (throwing up)、Weight loss (getting thinner)
How is Restrictive Cardiomyopathy diagnosed?
Echocardiography、Electrocardiography (ECG)、Thoracic radiography
Sumber
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 250
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 187
- Clinical Echocardiography of the Dog and Cat · p. 212
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 187
- Clinical Echocardiography of the Dog and Cat · p. 211
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