Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Feline restrictive cardiomyopathy
Također poznato kao: RCM, Feline Restrictive Cardiomyopathy, Endomyocardial Fibrosis
Ukratko
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is an uncommon but serious feline heart disease characterized by stiffening of the heart muscle. This stiffness prevents the heart from filling properly, leading to congestive heart failure and a high risk of blood clots. Learn the signs, how vets diagnose it, and what to expect.
TL;DR. Progresivna srčana bolest: fibroza ukrućuje komore, ometa punjenje i često vodi do zatajenja srca ili ugrušaka.
Fibroza ukrućuje stijenke; lijevi atrij je često jako proširen.
Što je to?
RCM je rijetka, ali teška bolest miokarda mačke. Za razliku od HCM (debela stijenka) jezgra je ekstremna krutost zbog fibroze: dijastolička disfunkcija, povrat u lijevi atrij, edem/izljev i visok rizik tromboembolije.
Based on this classification scheme, there are four basic types of cardiomyopathy: (1) dilated cardiomyopathy, (2) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), (3) restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM), and (4) arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. All these forms are observed in the cat.
Miokardijalni i endomiokardijalni oblici.
Uzroci i čimbenici rizika
Idiopatska, vjerojatno multifaktorijalna.
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is associated with extensive endocardial, subendocardial, or myocardial fibrosis of unclear, but probably multifactorial, cause.
Mačke srednje do starije dobi; bez dokumentirane rasne predispozicije.
Znakovi
- Dispneja, tahipneja, disanje ustima (često)
- Neaktivnost, anoreksija, mršavljenje, povraćanje (često)
- Napunjenost jugularnih vena (često)
- Tromboembolija / sedlasti trombus (često i hitno)
- Šum, galop, aritmija (povremeno)
Povećan respiratorni napor upozorava na kongestivno zatajenje.
Dijagnostika
Ehokardiografija (zlatni standard): velik lijevi atrij, gotovo normalna debljina stijenke, kruto punjenje. RTG, EKG.
Liječenje
Bez izlječenja fibroze. Diuretici, ACEI, antiagregacijski lijekovi (klopidogrel), eventualno antiaritmici. Pratiti frekvenciju disanja u mirovanju.
Prognoza
Oprezna do loša; progresivna. Pri ranom otkrivanju mjeseci do preko godinu dana komfora moguće.
Prevencija
Bez primarne prevencije. Redoviti pregledi; istražiti šum/galop/aritmiju.
Kada zvati veterinara
Odmah pri FR u mirovanju >30–40/min, disanju ustima, paralizi stražnjih nogu, hladnim šapama, kolapsu ili potpunoj anoreksiji.
Izvori
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, Page 250.
- Internal Medicine, Page 187.
- Clinical Echocardiography of the Dog and Cat, Pages 211, 212.
My highlights & notes
Znakovi i simptomi
Pasmine s višim rizikom
Kako se dijagnosticira
- EchocardiographyZlatni standard
- Electrocardiography (ECG)
- Thoracic radiography
Česta pitanja
What is Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is an uncommon but serious feline heart disease characterized by stiffening of the heart muscle. This stiffness prevents the heart from filling properly, leading to congestive heart failure and a high risk of blood clots. Learn the signs, how vets diagnose it, and what to expect.
What are the symptoms of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
Inactivity、Jugular vein distention、Jugular vein pulsation、Poor appetite、Respiratory signs、Thromboembolic events、Vomiting (throwing up)、Weight loss (getting thinner)
How is Restrictive Cardiomyopathy diagnosed?
Echocardiography、Electrocardiography (ECG)、Thoracic radiography
Izvori
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 250
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 187
- Clinical Echocardiography of the Dog and Cat · p. 212
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 187
- Clinical Echocardiography of the Dog and Cat · p. 211
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