Addison Disease
Hypoadrenocorticism
Juga dikenali sebagai: Hypoadrenocorticism, Addison's disease, Adrenal insufficiency
Ringkasnya
Addison's disease is an uncommon endocrine disorder where the adrenal glands fail to produce vital hormones. This leads to severe gastrointestinal issues, weakness, and life-threatening electrolyte imbalances. While an Addisonian crisis is a veterinary emergency, the long-term prognosis is excellent with lifelong daily or monthly hormone replacement therapy.
TL;DR. Kegagalan adrenal serius tetapi sangat boleh dirawat; ubat seumur hidup memberi kualiti hidup cemerlang.
Kelenjar adrenal di hadapan buah pinggang menghasilkan kortisol dan aldosteron.
Apakah itu?
Gluko- dan mineralokortikoid rendah. Terutamanya anjing; jarang pada kucing. Tanpa aldosteron: hiperkalemia, hiponatremia, hipovolemia, bradikardia, kejutan.
Punca dan faktor risiko
Selalunya pemusnahan korteks imun. Juga iatrogenik selepas henti steroid mendadak atau rawatan berlebihan Cushing. Predisposisi baka pada sesetengah anjing.
Tanda yang perlu diperhatikan
- Kelesuan, anoreksia, muntah/cirit-birit, kelemahan (lazim)
- Dehidrasi; bradikardia (kadang-kadang)
- Runtuh / kejutan hipovolemik (krisis Addison)
Kelesuan dan kelemahan adalah tanda awal lazim.
Diagnosis
Nisbah Na:K, hiperkalemia. Ujian rangsangan ACTH (piawaian emas). ECG jika aritmia K.
ECG mengesan aritmia berbahaya dari kalium tinggi.
Rawatan
Krisis: cecair i.v. agresif, Dexamethasone. Penyelenggaraan: DOCP atau Fludrocortisone plus prednison; dos tekanan.
Prognosis
Cemerlang dengan terapi stabil seumur hidup.
Pencegahan
Jangan henti steroid secara mendadak. Saringan pembiakan jika predisposisi.
Bila hubungi doktor haiwan
Kecemasan: runtuh, kelemahan melampau, cirit/muntah berdarah, gusi pucat.
Sumber
- Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, page 884, 888.
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition, pages 425, 427.
My highlights & notes
Tanda & simptom
Baka berisiko lebih tinggi
Cara didiagnosis
- ACTH Stimulation TestStandard emas
- Abdominal Ultrasonography
- Baseline endogenous ACTH concentration
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- Low-dose ACTH stimulation test
- Plasma aldosterone concentrations during ACTH stimulation test
- Radiography
- Serum electrolyte concentrations (Na:K ratio)
Pendekatan rawatan
Rawatan mesti dipreskripsikan doktor haiwan berlesen. Dos khusus sengaja tidak dipaparkan.
Soalan lazim
What is Addison Disease?
Addison's disease is an uncommon endocrine disorder where the adrenal glands fail to produce vital hormones. This leads to severe gastrointestinal issues, weakness, and life-threatening electrolyte imbalances. While an Addisonian crisis is a veterinary emergency, the long-term prognosis is excellent with lifelong daily or monthly hormone replacement therapy.
What are the symptoms of Addison Disease?
Loss of appetite、Dehydration、Diarrhoea、Lethargy、Vomiting (throwing up)、Weakness (low energy, no strength)、Weight loss (getting thinner)、Hematemesis
How is Addison Disease diagnosed?
ACTH Stimulation Test、Abdominal Ultrasonography、Baseline endogenous ACTH concentration、Electrocardiogram (ECG)、Low-dose ACTH stimulation test、Plasma aldosterone concentrations during ACTH stimulation test
How is Addison Disease treated?
Rawatan mesti dipreskripsikan doktor haiwan berlesen. Dos khusus sengaja tidak dipaparkan.
Sumber
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 884
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 425
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 884
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 427
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 888
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 888
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