Pericardial Effusion
Također poznato kao: Pericardial fluid accumulation, Hemorrhagic pericardial effusion
Ukratko
Pericardial effusion is a life-threatening veterinary emergency where fluid builds up in the sac surrounding the heart. This pressure prevents the heart from filling with blood, leading to weakness, breathing difficulties, and potential collapse. Immediate veterinary intervention is critical to drain the fluid and restore normal heart function.
TL;DR. Tekućina oko srca sprječava punjenje; hitnost pri tamponadi.
Ehokardiografija je zlatni standard.
Što je to?
Nakupljanje tekućine u perikardijalnoj vreći koje komprimira srce (tamponada) i smanjuje minutni volumen.
"Cardiac tamponade develops when pericardial fluid accumulation raises intrapericardial pressure to or above the normal diastolic pressure of the right side of the heart, preventing normal filling."
Uzroci i čimbenici rizika
Neoplazija (hemangiosarkom, kemodektom) i idiopatski hemoragijski; velike pasmine: golden, labrador, bernardínac, njemački ovčar.
Znakovi
- Prigušeni srčani tonovi (kardinalni)
- Dispneja, intolerancija napora, ascites, blijede sluznice
- Kolaps, slab puls
Ascites odražava desnu kongestiju.
Dijagnostika
Ehokardiografija (zlato); RTG (globoidno srce); EKG (niski napon, električna alternans); analiza tekućine.
UZ pokazuje tekućinu koja komprimira srce.
Liječenje
Perikardiocenteza hitno. Bez diuretika/vazodilatatora prije drenaže. Steroidi ako idiopatski; perikardektomija pri recidivu.
Prognoza
Idiopatski često dobra. Neoplastički: oprezna do loša.
Prevencija
Bez specifične; kontrole u rizičnih pasmina.
Kada zvati veterinara
Dispneja, kolaps, blijede/plave sluznice, napet trbuh: hitnost razine 5.
Izvori
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, p. 276
- Internal Medicine (5th Edition), p. 196, 200
My highlights & notes
Znakovi i simptomi
Pasmine s višim rizikom
Kako se dijagnosticira
- EchocardiographyZlatni standard
- Central Venous Pressure (CVP) measurement
- Electrocardiography (ECG)
- Pericardial fluid analysis
- Plasma cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration
- Thoracic radiography
Pristupi liječenju
Liječenje mora propisati licencirani veterinar. Specifične doze namjerno nisu prikazane.
Česta pitanja
What is Pericardial Effusion?
Pericardial effusion is a life-threatening veterinary emergency where fluid builds up in the sac surrounding the heart. This pressure prevents the heart from filling with blood, leading to weakness, breathing difficulties, and potential collapse. Immediate veterinary intervention is critical to drain the fluid and restore normal heart function.
What are the symptoms of Pericardial Effusion?
Muffled heart sounds、Loss of appetite、Fluid in the belly (ascites)、Cough、Difficulty breathing (dyspnea)、Enlarged liver、Jugular distension、Lethargy
How is Pericardial Effusion diagnosed?
Echocardiography、Central Venous Pressure (CVP) measurement、Electrocardiography (ECG)、Pericardial fluid analysis、Plasma cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration、Thoracic radiography
How is Pericardial Effusion treated?
Liječenje mora propisati licencirani veterinar. Specifične doze namjerno nisu prikazane.
Izvori
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 200
- Current Techniques in Small Animal Surgery, 5th Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 685
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 196
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 276
Ovaj članak je opća edukacija i ne zamjenjuje veterinarski savjet. Ako je ljubimac bolestan, obratite se veterinaru.
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