Atrial Fibrillation
Også kendt som: AF, Lone Atrial Fibrillation
Kort sagt
Atrial fibrillation is a common, serious heart arrhythmia in dogs and cats characterized by rapid, chaotic electrical signals in the upper heart chambers. While it often stems from underlying heart disease, some giant breed dogs experience "lone" atrial fibrillation with a more favorable outlook.
TL;DR. Almindelig arytmi: atrierne slår kaotisk; behandling styrer kammerfrekvens og beskytter hjertefunktionen.
Ordnede signaler erstattes af hurtige, kaotiske impulser.
Hvad er det?
Atrierne flimrer uden effektiv kontraktion; AV-knuden slipper for mange impulser; ventriklerne slår hurtigt og uregelmæssigt.
"This common arrhythmia is characterized by rapid and chaotic electrical activation within the atria. There are no P waves on the ECG because there is no uniform atrial depolarization wave. Rather, the baseline usually shows irregular undulations (fibrillation waves). Lack of organized electrical activity prevents effective atrial contraction."
Årsager og risikofaktorer
Ofte sekundært til strukturel hjertesygdom (DCM, klapper, medfødt, HCM). Lone AF hos kæmperacer. Prædisposition: Doberman Pinscher, Great Dane, Irish Wolfhound.
Tegn
- Kardinal: helt uregelmæssig rytme
- Almindelige: pulsdeficit, svaghed
- Lejlighedsvise: hoste, dyspnø, synkope, ascites
Overvåg hvilende respirationsfrekvens hjemme.
Diagnostik
Auskultation + EKG (guldstandard). Røntgen, ekko, Holter.
Behandling
Frekvenskontrol, ikke rutinekonvertering.
"In patients with underlying cardiac dysfunction, cardiac output tends to decrease considerably when AF develops. Long-lasting conversion to sinus rhythm is rare in the face of marked underlying cardiac disease, even after successful electrical cardioversion. Therefore treatment in most cases is directed at reducing the ventricular response rate by slowing AV conduction..."
Første linje: Diltiazem; Digoxin.
Anden linje: amiodarone, Sotalol, Lidocaine.
Prognose
Reserveret ved strukturel sygdom; bedre ved lone AF med lav frekvens.
Forebyggelse
Tidlig opdagelse hos risikoracer.
Hvornår ringe til dyrlægen
Akut: dyspnø; hvilende RF >30–40/min; kollaps/synkope; ascites; blege/blå slimhinder.
Kilder
- Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, pages 57, 115, 116.
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition, page 261.
My highlights & notes
Tegn og symptomer
Racer med højere risiko
Hvordan det diagnosticeres
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)Guldstandard
- Auscultation
- Holter monitoring
- Thoracic radiography
Behandlingsmetoder
Behandling skal ordineres af en autoriseret dyrlæge. Specifikke doser vises bevidst ikke.
Ofte stillede spørgsmål
What is Atrial Fibrillation?
Atrial fibrillation is a common, serious heart arrhythmia in dogs and cats characterized by rapid, chaotic electrical signals in the upper heart chambers. While it often stems from underlying heart disease, some giant breed dogs experience "lone" atrial fibrillation with a more favorable outlook.
What are the symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation?
irregular heart rhythm、Decreased exercise tolerance、Weakness (low energy, no strength)、pulse deficits、rapid heart rate、Bloated belly、Cough、Difficulty breathing (dyspnea)
How is Atrial Fibrillation diagnosed?
Electrocardiogram (ECG)、Auscultation、Holter monitoring、Thoracic radiography
How is Atrial Fibrillation treated?
Behandling skal ordineres af en autoriseret dyrlæge. Specifikke doser vises bevidst ikke.
Kilder
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 261
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 57
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 115
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 116
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 115
Artiklen er generel oplysning og erstatter ikke dyrlægeråd. Hvis dyret er sygt, kontakt en dyrlæge.
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