Atrial Fibrillation
Juga dikenali sebagai: AF, Lone Atrial Fibrillation
Ringkasnya
Atrial fibrillation is a common, serious heart arrhythmia in dogs and cats characterized by rapid, chaotic electrical signals in the upper heart chambers. While it often stems from underlying heart disease, some giant breed dogs experience "lone" atrial fibrillation with a more favorable outlook.
TL;DR. Aritmia lazim: atrium berdegup huru-hara; rawatan mengawal frekuensi ventrikel dan melindungi fungsi jantung.
Isyarat teratur diganti impuls pantas dan huru-hara.
Apakah ia?
Atrium berfibrilasi tanpa kontraksi berkesan; nod AV membiarkan terlalu banyak impuls; ventrikel berdegup pantas dan tidak teratur.
"This common arrhythmia is characterized by rapid and chaotic electrical activation within the atria. There are no P waves on the ECG because there is no uniform atrial depolarization wave. Rather, the baseline usually shows irregular undulations (fibrillation waves). Lack of organized electrical activity prevents effective atrial contraction."
Punca dan faktor risiko
Selalunya sekunder kepada penyakit struktur (DCM, injap, kongenital, HCM). Lone AF pada baka gergasi. Predisposisi: Doberman Pinscher, Great Dane, Irish Wolfhound.
Tanda
- Kardinal: irama sepenuhnya tidak teratur
- Biasa: defisit nadi, kelemahan
- Kadang-kadang: batuk, dispnea, sinkop, asites
Pantau frekuensi pernafasan rehat di rumah.
Diagnosis
Auskultasi + ECG (standard emas). X-ray, echo, Holter.
Rawatan
Kawalan frekuensi, bukan penukaran rutin.
"In patients with underlying cardiac dysfunction, cardiac output tends to decrease considerably when AF develops. Long-lasting conversion to sinus rhythm is rare in the face of marked underlying cardiac disease, even after successful electrical cardioversion. Therefore treatment in most cases is directed at reducing the ventricular response rate by slowing AV conduction..."
Barisan pertama: Diltiazem; Digoxin.
Barisan kedua: amiodarone, Sotalol, Lidocaine.
Prognosis
Berjaga-jaga dengan penyakit struktur; lebih baik dalam lone AF frekuensi rendah.
Pencegahan
Pengesanan awal pada baka berisiko.
Bila hubungi doktor haiwan
Kecemasan: dispnea; FR rehat >30–40/min; rebah/sinkop; asites; membran pucat/biru.
Sumber
- Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, pages 57, 115, 116.
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition, page 261.
My highlights & notes
Tanda & simptom
Baka berisiko lebih tinggi
Cara didiagnosis
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)Standard emas
- Auscultation
- Holter monitoring
- Thoracic radiography
Pendekatan rawatan
Rawatan mesti dipreskripsikan doktor haiwan berlesen. Dos khusus sengaja tidak dipaparkan.
Soalan lazim
What is Atrial Fibrillation?
Atrial fibrillation is a common, serious heart arrhythmia in dogs and cats characterized by rapid, chaotic electrical signals in the upper heart chambers. While it often stems from underlying heart disease, some giant breed dogs experience "lone" atrial fibrillation with a more favorable outlook.
What are the symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation?
irregular heart rhythm、Decreased exercise tolerance、Weakness (low energy, no strength)、pulse deficits、rapid heart rate、Bloated belly、Cough、Difficulty breathing (dyspnea)
How is Atrial Fibrillation diagnosed?
Electrocardiogram (ECG)、Auscultation、Holter monitoring、Thoracic radiography
How is Atrial Fibrillation treated?
Rawatan mesti dipreskripsikan doktor haiwan berlesen. Dos khusus sengaja tidak dipaparkan.
Sumber
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 261
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 57
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 115
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 116
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 115
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