甲硝唑 / 滅滴靈
別名: Flagyl, Metrobactin, Stomorgyl
**寵物主人重要指引:** * **極度苦味:** 甲硝唑藥錠對動物來說味道極差。除非絕對必要,否則請勿壓碎藥錠,因為苦味會導致您的寵物(尤其是貓)過度流口水或拒絕進食。如果您在餵藥時遇到困難,請向您的獸醫詢問是否可以使用調配的液體版本(苯甲酸甲硝唑),它能更好地掩蓋味道。 * **隨餐服用:** 將此藥物與食物一起餵食有助於提高其吸收率並減少胃部不適。 * **注意神經系統症狀:** 如果您的寵物出現任何神經毒性跡象,請立即聯繫您的獸醫。請注意觀察:步態蹣跚或「醉酒」狀行走(共濟失調)、眼球快速來回跳動(眼球震顫)、頭部傾斜、極度嗜睡、發抖或癲癇發作。 * **完成療程:** 即使您的寵物的腹瀉或症狀有所改善,也請務必完成整個處方療程,以確保感染或寄生蟲被完全清除。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Giardia
- Giardia
- Giardia
- Entamoeba histolytica or Pentatrichomas hominis
- H. pylori
- Sepsis
- Inflammatory bowel disease (mild to moderate large bowel)
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Inflammatory bowel disease (moderate to severe)
- Hepatic encephalopathy
- Helicobacter mustelae gastritis infections
- Helicobacter mustelae gastritis infections
- Susceptible infections
- Inflammatory bowel disease
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Neurologic disorders (ataxia, nystagmus, seizures, head-tilt)
- Lethargy and weakness
- Neutropenia
- Hepatotoxicity
- Hematuria
- Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
- Hypersalivation (especially in cats due to bitter taste)
- Vomiting
- CNS toxicity (nystagmus, ataxia, knuckling, head tilt, seizures)
- Haematuria
- Excessive salivation/foaming (especially in cats)
- Impaired sense of smell (reported in explosive detection dogs)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to metronidazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives
- Food-producing animals (FDA prohibited)
- Pregnancy (potential teratogen, especially in early pregnancy)
- Severe hepatic disease (requires dose reduction)
- > **Neurotoxicity Warning:** In dogs, total daily doses should not exceed 65 mg/kg/day to minimize the risk of central vestibular and cerebellar toxicity. Toxicity can occur with acute high doses or chronic moderate-to-high dose therapy. * **Hepatic Impairment:** Use with caution in animals with hepatic dysfunction. Consider reducing the dose to 25-50% of the usual dose in significant liver impairment. * **Pregnancy:** Potential teratogen. Avoid use during pregnancy, particularly during the first 3 weeks of gestation, unless benefits clearly outweigh risks. * **Nursing:** Consider alternative therapy or switching to milk replacer due to potential tumorigenicity. * **Debilitated Patients:** Use with extreme caution in severely debilitated animals.
藥物相互作用
- Alcohol: May induce a disulfiram-like reaction (nausea, vomiting, cramps).
- Cimetidine: May decrease the metabolism of metronidazole, increasing the likelihood of dose-related side effects.
- Phenobarbital: May increase the metabolism of metronidazole, thereby decreasing blood levels.
- Phenytoin: May increase the metabolism of metronidazole, thereby decreasing blood levels.
- Warfarin: May prolong the prothrombin time (PT). Avoid concurrent use or intensify monitoring.
- Macrolide antibiotics: Should not be used concurrently with Spiramycin (in combination products) as the combination may be antagonistic.
常見問題
甲硝唑 / 滅滴靈用於寵物有什麼用途?
**寵物主人重要指引:** * **極度苦味:** 甲硝唑藥錠對動物來說味道極差。除非絕對必要,否則請勿壓碎藥錠,因為苦味會導致您的寵物(尤其是貓)過度流口水或拒絕進食。如果您在餵藥時遇到困難,請向您的獸醫詢問是否可以使用調配的液體版本(苯甲酸甲硝唑),它能更好地掩蓋味道。 * **隨餐服用:** 將此藥物與食物一起餵食有助於提高其吸收率並減少胃部不適。 * **注意神經系統症狀:** 如果您的寵物出現任何神經毒性跡象,請立即聯繫您的獸醫。請注意觀察:步態蹣跚或「醉酒」狀行走(共濟失調)、眼球快速來回跳動(眼球震顫)、頭部傾斜、極度嗜睡、發抖或癲癇發作。 * **完成療程:** 即使您的寵物的腹瀉或症狀有所改善,也請務必完成整個處方療程,以確保感染或寄生蟲被完全清除。
甲硝唑 / 滅滴靈對我的寵物安全嗎?
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育,不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適,請諮詢獸醫。