地塞米松

用途

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Polyuria (PU) and Polydipsia (PD)
• Polyphagia (increased appetite)
• Panting (especially in dogs)
• Gastrointestinal ulceration or bleeding
• Iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's syndrome) with chronic use
• Secondary infections due to immunosuppression
• Delayed wound healing
• Muscle wasting and weakness

注意事項與禁忌

• Systemic fungal infections
• Active viral infections
• Corneal ulcers (especially for ophthalmic preparations)
• Concurrent use of NSAIDs
• Known hypersensitivity to the drug
• Use with extreme caution in patients with diabetes mellitus, renal disease, congestive heart failure, or active infections. **Do not stop abruptly** if used chronically; the dose must be tapered to avoid an Addisonian crisis (adrenal insufficiency). Avoid ophthalmic use if corneal ulceration is present.

藥物相互作用

• NSAIDs (e.g., carprofen, meloxicam): Significantly increased risk of severe gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
• Insulin: Dexamethasone induces insulin resistance, antagonizing the hypoglycemic effect of insulin and increasing requirements in diabetic patients.
• Phenobarbital: May induce hepatic enzymes, increasing the metabolism and clearance of dexamethasone.
• Diuretics (potassium-depleting): Increased risk of hypokalemia.

常見問題