阿斯匹靈
別名: ASA, Bayer, Ecotrin, Bufferin, Ascriptin, Alka-Seltzer, Empirin, Halfprin, Aspirin BP
藥物類別: Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) / Platelet Aggregation Reducer
- **注意出血跡象：** 如果您發現寵物有胃潰瘍或出血的跡象，例如黑色柏油狀糞便、嘔吐物看起來像咖啡渣、食慾不振或嚴重嗜睡，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 - **嚴格遵守劑量：** 絕對不要給予超過處方劑量的阿斯匹靈，也不要增加給藥頻率。這對**貓咪**尤其重要，因為牠們代謝阿斯匹靈的速度非常慢，標準的人類劑量很容易導致貓咪致命中毒。 - **食用動物停藥期：** 雖然 FDA 沒有官方的停藥期規定，但為了保護對水楊酸敏感的人群，建議產乳或產肉動物至少有 1 天的停藥期。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- For analgesia
- As an antiinflammatory/antirheumatic
- For antipyrexia
- Post-Adulticide therapy for heartworm disease
- For adjunctive therapy in IMHA (antithrombotic)
- For adjunctive therapy of glomerular disease (antithrombotic)
- For adjunctive therapy with azathioprine and glucocorticoids for immune-mediated hemolytic anemia
- As an analgesic/antiinflammatory prior to elective intraocular surgery
- Reduction of platelet aggregation (e.g. IMHA)
- Analgesia, pyrexia, inflammation
- General use
- General use
- For analgesia/antipyrexia/antiinflammatory
- For analgesia/antipyrexia/antiinflammatory
- For analgesia/antipyrexia/antiinflammatory
- For prophylaxis of arterial thromboembolism (ATE)
- For prophylaxis of arterial thromboembolism
- For prevention of thromboembolism (High dose)
- For prevention of thromboembolism (Low dose)
- Reduction of platelet aggregation (low dose)
- Reduction of platelet aggregation (high dose)
- Reduction of platelet aggregation (very low dose)
- For analgesia/antipyrexia
- For analgesia/antipyrexia (Mature Cattle)
- For analgesia/antipyrexia (Calves)
- For analgesia
- For analgesia
- For analgesia (Mature Horses)
- For analgesia (Foals)
- For analgesia
- For analgesia
- For anti-platelet activity as an adjunctive treatment of laminitis
- For low grade analgesia (Rabbits)
- General use (Mice, Rats, Gerbils, Hamsters)
- General use (Guinea pigs)
給藥方式
PO
可能的副作用
- Gastric irritation (nausea, anorexia, vomiting)
- Gastrointestinal ulceration and occult blood loss
- Secondary anemia or hypoproteinemia (due to chronic GI blood loss)
- Metabolic acidosis (especially in cats)
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rare in dogs)
注意事項與禁忌
- Known hypersensitivity to salicylates
- Active gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcers
- Bleeding disorders (relative contraindication)
- Asthma (relative contraindication)
- Renal insufficiency (relative contraindication)
- Pregnancy (especially later stages; low-grade teratogen and may delay labor)
- **Hepatic and Renal Function:** Use with extreme caution and enhanced monitoring in patients with severe hepatic failure or diminished renal function. **Hypoalbuminemia:** Because aspirin is highly protein-bound, patients with low albumin may require lower dosages to prevent toxicity from increased free drug levels. **Surgical Procedures:** Due to irreversible platelet inhibition, aspirin therapy should ideally be halted one week prior to elective surgical procedures to prevent excessive bleeding. **Species Specifics:** Must be used with extreme caution in **cats** due to their inability to rapidly metabolize salicylates. Use cautiously in **neonatal animals**, as adult doses may lead to toxicity.
藥物相互作用
- Alkalinizing drugs (e.g., sodium bicarbonate, acetazolamide): Significantly increases the renal excretion of salicylates; carbonic anhydrase inhibitors may cause systemic acidosis and increase CNS salicylate levels, leading to toxicity.
- Aminoglycosides: May increase the likelihood of nephrotoxicity.
- Corticosteroids: May increase salicylate clearance (decreasing serum levels) and significantly increase the risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
- Digoxin: Aspirin may increase plasma levels of digoxin by decreasing its clearance.
- Furosemide: May compete with renal excretion of aspirin, delaying its elimination and potentially causing toxicity at high doses.
- Heparin or Oral Anticoagulants: Increased risk of bleeding due to synergistic antiplatelet/anticoagulant effects.
- Methotrexate: Aspirin may displace methotrexate from plasma proteins, increasing the risk of methotrexate toxicity.
- Other NSAIDs: Increased risk of severe GI ulceration. A washout period of 3-10 days is recommended when switching from aspirin to a COX-2 selective NSAID.
- Phenobarbital: May increase the rate of aspirin metabolism by inducing hepatic enzymes.
- Probenecid, Sulfinpyrazone: Aspirin may antagonize the uricosuric effects of these drugs.
- Spironolactone: Aspirin may inhibit the diuretic activity of spironolactone.
- Tetracycline: Antacids in buffered aspirin may chelate tetracyclines; separate doses by at least one hour.
- Urinary Acidifying Drugs (methionine, ammonium chloride, ascorbic acid): Can decrease the urinary excretion of salicylates, potentially leading to accumulation.
- Glucocorticoids: Increased risk of GI ulceration. Do not administer concurrently (Exception: specific protocols for IMHA treatment).
常見問題
阿斯匹靈用於寵物有什麼用途？
- 注意出血跡象： 如果您發現寵物有胃潰瘍或出血的跡象，例如黑色柏油狀糞便、嘔吐物看起來像咖啡渣、食慾不振或嚴重嗜睡，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 - 嚴格遵守劑量： 絕對不要給予超過處方劑量的阿斯匹靈，也不要增加給藥頻率。這對貓咪尤其重要，因為牠們代謝阿斯匹靈的速度非常慢，標準的人類劑量很容易導致貓咪致命中毒。 - 食用動物停藥期： 雖然 FDA 沒有官方的停藥期規定，但為了保護對水楊酸敏感的人群，建議產乳或產肉動物至少有 1 天的停藥期。
阿斯匹靈對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。