アスピリン
別称: ASA, Bayer, Ecotrin, Bufferin, Ascriptin, Alka-Seltzer, Empirin, Halfprin, Aspirin BP
薬の分類: Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) / Platelet Aggregation Reducer
- **出血に注意：** 黒色タール便、コーヒーかすのような嘔吐物、食欲不振、重度の無気力など、胃潰瘍や出血の兆候が見られた場合は、直ちに獣医師に連絡してください。 - **厳格な用量遵守：** 処方された以上のアスピリンを与えたり、投与頻度を増やしたりしないでください。これは**猫**にとって特に重要です。猫はアスピリンの代謝が非常に遅く、標準的な人間用の用量でも容易に致命的な中毒を引き起こす可能性があります。 - **食肉・搾乳動物の休薬期間：** FDAによる公式な休薬期間の規定はありませんが、サリチル酸に敏感な人々を保護するため、乳や肉の摂取には最低1日間の休薬期間を設けることが推奨されます。
用量はペットの状態に応じて獣医師が決定します。獣医師の指導なしに人用医薬品や他のペットの処方薬を与えないでください。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
使用用途
- For analgesia
- As an antiinflammatory/antirheumatic
- For antipyrexia
- Post-Adulticide therapy for heartworm disease
- For adjunctive therapy in IMHA (antithrombotic)
- For adjunctive therapy of glomerular disease (antithrombotic)
- For adjunctive therapy with azathioprine and glucocorticoids for immune-mediated hemolytic anemia
- As an analgesic/antiinflammatory prior to elective intraocular surgery
- Reduction of platelet aggregation (e.g. IMHA)
- Analgesia, pyrexia, inflammation
- General use
- General use
- For analgesia/antipyrexia/antiinflammatory
- For analgesia/antipyrexia/antiinflammatory
- For analgesia/antipyrexia/antiinflammatory
- For prophylaxis of arterial thromboembolism (ATE)
- For prophylaxis of arterial thromboembolism
- For prevention of thromboembolism (High dose)
- For prevention of thromboembolism (Low dose)
- Reduction of platelet aggregation (low dose)
- Reduction of platelet aggregation (high dose)
- Reduction of platelet aggregation (very low dose)
- For analgesia/antipyrexia
- For analgesia/antipyrexia (Mature Cattle)
- For analgesia/antipyrexia (Calves)
- For analgesia
- For analgesia
- For analgesia (Mature Horses)
- For analgesia (Foals)
- For analgesia
- For analgesia
- For anti-platelet activity as an adjunctive treatment of laminitis
- For low grade analgesia (Rabbits)
- General use (Mice, Rats, Gerbils, Hamsters)
- General use (Guinea pigs)
投与方法
PO
考えられる副作用
- Gastric irritation (nausea, anorexia, vomiting)
- Gastrointestinal ulceration and occult blood loss
- Secondary anemia or hypoproteinemia (due to chronic GI blood loss)
- Metabolic acidosis (especially in cats)
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rare in dogs)
注意事項と禁忌
- Known hypersensitivity to salicylates
- Active gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcers
- Bleeding disorders (relative contraindication)
- Asthma (relative contraindication)
- Renal insufficiency (relative contraindication)
- Pregnancy (especially later stages; low-grade teratogen and may delay labor)
- **Hepatic and Renal Function:** Use with extreme caution and enhanced monitoring in patients with severe hepatic failure or diminished renal function. **Hypoalbuminemia:** Because aspirin is highly protein-bound, patients with low albumin may require lower dosages to prevent toxicity from increased free drug levels. **Surgical Procedures:** Due to irreversible platelet inhibition, aspirin therapy should ideally be halted one week prior to elective surgical procedures to prevent excessive bleeding. **Species Specifics:** Must be used with extreme caution in **cats** due to their inability to rapidly metabolize salicylates. Use cautiously in **neonatal animals**, as adult doses may lead to toxicity.
薬物相互作用
- Alkalinizing drugs (e.g., sodium bicarbonate, acetazolamide): Significantly increases the renal excretion of salicylates; carbonic anhydrase inhibitors may cause systemic acidosis and increase CNS salicylate levels, leading to toxicity.
- Aminoglycosides: May increase the likelihood of nephrotoxicity.
- Corticosteroids: May increase salicylate clearance (decreasing serum levels) and significantly increase the risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
- Digoxin: Aspirin may increase plasma levels of digoxin by decreasing its clearance.
- Furosemide: May compete with renal excretion of aspirin, delaying its elimination and potentially causing toxicity at high doses.
- Heparin or Oral Anticoagulants: Increased risk of bleeding due to synergistic antiplatelet/anticoagulant effects.
- Methotrexate: Aspirin may displace methotrexate from plasma proteins, increasing the risk of methotrexate toxicity.
- Other NSAIDs: Increased risk of severe GI ulceration. A washout period of 3-10 days is recommended when switching from aspirin to a COX-2 selective NSAID.
- Phenobarbital: May increase the rate of aspirin metabolism by inducing hepatic enzymes.
- Probenecid, Sulfinpyrazone: Aspirin may antagonize the uricosuric effects of these drugs.
- Spironolactone: Aspirin may inhibit the diuretic activity of spironolactone.
- Tetracycline: Antacids in buffered aspirin may chelate tetracyclines; separate doses by at least one hour.
- Urinary Acidifying Drugs (methionine, ammonium chloride, ascorbic acid): Can decrease the urinary excretion of salicylates, potentially leading to accumulation.
- Glucocorticoids: Increased risk of GI ulceration. Do not administer concurrently (Exception: specific protocols for IMHA treatment).
よくある質問
アスピリンはペットにどう使われていますか？
- 出血に注意： 黒色タール便、コーヒーかすのような嘔吐物、食欲不振、重度の無気力など、胃潰瘍や出血の兆候が見られた場合は、直ちに獣医師に連絡してください。 - 厳格な用量遵守： 処方された以上のアスピリンを与えたり、投与頻度を増やしたりしないでください。これは猫にとって特に重要です。猫はアスピリンの代謝が非常に遅く、標準的な人間用の用量でも容易に致命的な中毒を引き起こす可能性があります。 - 食肉・搾乳動物の休薬期間： FDAによる公式な休薬期間の規定はありませんが、サリチル酸に敏感な人々を保護するため、乳や肉の摂取には最低1日間の休薬期間を設けることが推奨されます。
アスピリンはうちのペットに安全ですか？
用量はペットの状態に応じて獣医師が決定します。獣医師の指導なしに人用医薬品や他のペットの処方薬を与えないでください。
この記事は一般的な健康教育を目的としており、専門的な獣医学的アドバイスの代わりにはなりません。ペットが調子悪い場合は、獣医師にご相談ください。