Doxorubicin
別名: Adriamycin, Doxil, Adriamycin RDF, Adriamycin PFS, Rubex, Caelyx, Myocet
**Important Information for Pet Owners Receiving Doxorubicin Therapy:** * **Red Urine**: Doxorubicin is red, and it is completely normal for your pet's urine to be colored orange to red for 1 to 2 days after treatment. This is not blood and is not harmful. * **Handling Waste Safely**: The drug is excreted in your pet's waste. Avoid direct skin contact with urine or feces. Drug residues can be found in a treated dog's urine for up to 21 days and in feces for several days. Wear gloves when cleaning up accidents and wash hands thoroughly. * **Physical Contact**: Do not allow your pet to lick human skin, especially the faces of children or immunocompromised individuals, while they are actively receiving chemotherapy. * **Expected Side Effects**: Mild loss of appetite and occasional vomiting are common 2 to 5 days after therapy. * **When to Call the Vet**: Contact your veterinarian immediately if your pet shows signs of profound depression, extreme lethargy, abnormal bleeding, bruising, or bloody diarrhea. * **Hair Loss**: Some pets (especially certain dog breeds with continuously growing hair like Poodles or Terriers) may experience hair loss or thinning.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Antineoplastic
- Lymphoma, sarcomas, carcinomas
- Antineoplastic
- Lymphoma, soft tissue sarcomas
- Antineoplastic
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Bone marrow suppression (nadir 5-10 days)
- Cardiac toxicity (acute arrhythmias and cumulative cardiomyopathy)
- Nephrotoxicity (particularly in cats)
- Gastroenteritis (anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea)
- Alopecia
- Stomatitis
- Immediate hypersensitivity/anaphylaxis (primarily in dogs)
- Severe tissue ulceration and necrosis (if extravasated)
注意事項與禁忌
- Pre-existing severe myelosuppression
- Impaired cardiac function
- Patients who have reached the total cumulative dose limit of doxorubicin and/or daunorubicin
- Cats with pre-existing renal insufficiency
- > **WARNING: Severe Vesicant & Cardiotoxin** * **Extravasation Risk**: Doxorubicin is extremely irritating to tissues. Perivascular administration can cause severe tissue ulceration and necrosis. Must be administered IV slowly (over at least 10 minutes) via a perfectly placed, free-flowing catheter. If extravasation occurs, treat immediately (e.g., topical DMSO or IV dexrazoxane). * **Cardiotoxicity**: Risk increases greatly when cumulative dose exceeds 240 mg/m2 in dogs (and likely cats). Breeds predisposed to cardiomyopathy (Dobermans, Great Danes, Rottweilers, Boxers) require extremely careful monitoring. * **MDR1/ABCB1 Mutation**: Actively transported by p-glycoprotein. Dogs with MDR1 mutations (Collies, Australian Shepherds, etc.) are at high risk for severe toxicity. Dose reduction of 25-30% is recommended. * **Hypersensitivity**: Immediate reactions (urticaria, facial swelling, hypotension) can occur, especially in dogs. Pretreatment with antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine) or dexamethasone is often recommended. * **Handling**: Teratogenic and embryotoxic. Prepare in a biological safety cabinet. Wear gloves. Wash immediately if skin contact occurs.
藥物相互作用
- Antineoplastic agents, other: May potentiate the toxic effects of doxorubicin
- Calcium-channel blockers: Potentially could increase risk for cardiotoxicity associated with doxorubicin
- Carbamazepine: Decreased carbamazepine levels
- Cisplatin: Increased risk of toxicity for both agents; carefully weigh risks versus benefits
- Cyclophosphamide: May increase doxorubicin blood levels (AUC); doxorubicin may potentiate and prolong hematologic toxicity; coma and seizures have been reported in human patients
- Cyclosporine: Can increase doxorubicin and doxorubicinol (active metabolite) levels
- Glucosamine: May reduce doxorubicin effectiveness; use together not recommended in humans
- Phenytoin: Doxorubicin may decrease phenytoin levels
- Phenobarbital: May increase elimination and reduce blood levels of doxorubicin
- Streptozocin: May inhibit doxorubicin metabolism
- Verapamil: May increase doxorubicin levels
常見問題
Doxorubicin用於寵物有甚麼用途？
**Important Information for Pet Owners Receiving Doxorubicin Therapy:** * **Red Urine**: Doxorubicin is red, and it is completely normal for your pet's urine to be colored orange to red for 1 to 2 days after treatment. This is not blood and is not harmful. * **Handling Waste Safely**: The drug is excreted in your pet's waste. Avoid direct skin contact with urine or feces. Drug residues can be found in a treated dog's urine for up to 21 days and in feces for several days. Wear gloves when cleaning up accidents and wash hands thoroughly. * **Physical Contact**: Do not allow your pet to lick human skin, especially the faces of children or immunocompromised individuals, while they are actively receiving chemotherapy. * **Expected Side Effects**: Mild loss of appetite and occasional vomiting are common 2 to 5 days after therapy. * **When to Call the Vet**: Contact your veterinarian immediately if your pet shows signs of profound depression, extreme lethargy, abnormal bleeding, bruising, or bloody diarrhea. * **Hair Loss**: Some pets (especially certain dog breeds with continuously growing hair like Poodles or Terriers) may experience hair loss or thinning.
Doxorubicin對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。