多柔比星 / 阿黴素
別名: Adriamycin, Doxil, Adriamycin RDF, Adriamycin PFS, Rubex, Caelyx, Myocet
**接受多柔比星治療的寵物主人重要須知:** * **紅色尿液**:多柔比星本身是紅色的,治療後 1 到 2 天內寵物的尿液呈現橘色到紅色是完全正常的。這不是血尿,也無害。 * **安全處理排泄物**:藥物會透過寵物的排泄物排出。請避免皮膚直接接觸尿液或糞便。治療後犬隻的尿液中可能殘留藥物長達 21 天,糞便中也會殘留數天。清理排泄物時請戴上手套,並徹底洗手。 * **身體接觸**:在寵物接受化療期間,請勿讓寵物舔舐人類的皮膚,特別是兒童或免疫力低下者的臉部。 * **預期副作用**:治療後 2 到 5 天常見輕微食慾不振和偶爾嘔吐。 * **何時應聯繫獸醫**:如果您的寵物出現嚴重極度抑鬱、異常出血、瘀傷或血便,請立即聯繫您的獸醫。 * **脫毛**:某些寵物(特別是毛髮持續生長的犬種,如貴賓犬或㹴犬)可能會出現脫毛或毛髮變稀疏的現象。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Antineoplastic
- Lymphoma, sarcomas, carcinomas
- Antineoplastic
- Lymphoma, soft tissue sarcomas
- Antineoplastic
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Bone marrow suppression (nadir 5-10 days)
- Cardiac toxicity (acute arrhythmias and cumulative cardiomyopathy)
- Nephrotoxicity (particularly in cats)
- Gastroenteritis (anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea)
- Alopecia
- Stomatitis
- Immediate hypersensitivity/anaphylaxis (primarily in dogs)
- Severe tissue ulceration and necrosis (if extravasated)
注意事項與禁忌
- Pre-existing severe myelosuppression
- Impaired cardiac function
- Patients who have reached the total cumulative dose limit of doxorubicin and/or daunorubicin
- Cats with pre-existing renal insufficiency
- > **WARNING: Severe Vesicant & Cardiotoxin** * **Extravasation Risk**: Doxorubicin is extremely irritating to tissues. Perivascular administration can cause severe tissue ulceration and necrosis. Must be administered IV slowly (over at least 10 minutes) via a perfectly placed, free-flowing catheter. If extravasation occurs, treat immediately (e.g., topical DMSO or IV dexrazoxane). * **Cardiotoxicity**: Risk increases greatly when cumulative dose exceeds 240 mg/m2 in dogs (and likely cats). Breeds predisposed to cardiomyopathy (Dobermans, Great Danes, Rottweilers, Boxers) require extremely careful monitoring. * **MDR1/ABCB1 Mutation**: Actively transported by p-glycoprotein. Dogs with MDR1 mutations (Collies, Australian Shepherds, etc.) are at high risk for severe toxicity. Dose reduction of 25-30% is recommended. * **Hypersensitivity**: Immediate reactions (urticaria, facial swelling, hypotension) can occur, especially in dogs. Pretreatment with antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine) or dexamethasone is often recommended. * **Handling**: Teratogenic and embryotoxic. Prepare in a biological safety cabinet. Wear gloves. Wash immediately if skin contact occurs.
藥物相互作用
- Antineoplastic agents, other: May potentiate the toxic effects of doxorubicin
- Calcium-channel blockers: Potentially could increase risk for cardiotoxicity associated with doxorubicin
- Carbamazepine: Decreased carbamazepine levels
- Cisplatin: Increased risk of toxicity for both agents; carefully weigh risks versus benefits
- Cyclophosphamide: May increase doxorubicin blood levels (AUC); doxorubicin may potentiate and prolong hematologic toxicity; coma and seizures have been reported in human patients
- Cyclosporine: Can increase doxorubicin and doxorubicinol (active metabolite) levels
- Glucosamine: May reduce doxorubicin effectiveness; use together not recommended in humans
- Phenytoin: Doxorubicin may decrease phenytoin levels
- Phenobarbital: May increase elimination and reduce blood levels of doxorubicin
- Streptozocin: May inhibit doxorubicin metabolism
- Verapamil: May increase doxorubicin levels
常見問題
多柔比星 / 阿黴素用於寵物有什麼用途?
**接受多柔比星治療的寵物主人重要須知:** * **紅色尿液**:多柔比星本身是紅色的,治療後 1 到 2 天內寵物的尿液呈現橘色到紅色是完全正常的。這不是血尿,也無害。 * **安全處理排泄物**:藥物會透過寵物的排泄物排出。請避免皮膚直接接觸尿液或糞便。治療後犬隻的尿液中可能殘留藥物長達 21 天,糞便中也會殘留數天。清理排泄物時請戴上手套,並徹底洗手。 * **身體接觸**:在寵物接受化療期間,請勿讓寵物舔舐人類的皮膚,特別是兒童或免疫力低下者的臉部。 * **預期副作用**:治療後 2 到 5 天常見輕微食慾不振和偶爾嘔吐。 * **何時應聯繫獸醫**:如果您的寵物出現嚴重極度抑鬱、異常出血、瘀傷或血便,請立即聯繫您的獸醫。 * **脫毛**:某些寵物(特別是毛髮持續生長的犬種,如貴賓犬或㹴犬)可能會出現脫毛或毛髮變稀疏的現象。
多柔比星 / 阿黴素對我的寵物安全嗎?
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育,不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適,請諮詢獸醫。