Metabolic Bone Disease
Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism
Også kjent som: Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism, NSHP, Fibrous Osteodystrophy, Osteomalacia, Rickets
Kort fortalt
Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD), or nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism, is a common and serious condition in captive reptiles and turtles. Caused by a lack of dietary calcium, improper calcium-to-phosphorus ratios, or insufficient UVB light, it leads to weak, deformed bones and muscle tremors. Learn how to recognize the signs, how veterinarians diagnose and treat it, and how proper husbandry can prevent this debilitating disease.
TL;DR. Forebyggbar tilstand hos reptiler og skilpadder av kalsium- eller UVB-mangel: myke bein, deformiteter og skjelvinger.
UVB-lys er nødvendig for D3-syntese og kalsiumopptak.
Hva er det?
Metabolic bone disease in captive reptiles/turtles is usually nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism: insufficient calcium or UVB leads to soft bones, fibrous reinforcement of limbs/jaws, and muscle tremors.
Årsaker og risikofaktorer
Husbandry errors: inadequate UVB (290-315 nm), low dietary calcium, poor Ca:P ratio (aim near 2:1), cold enclosures. Fast-growing species are highest risk.
Tegn
- Rubber jaw; soft/warped shell in chelonians (cardinal)
- Swollen firm limbs, pathological fractures, lethargy, anorexia, tremors (common)
- Paresis/paralysis from spinal deformity (occasional)
Forkortet kjeve og hovne lemmer er klassiske sene tegn.
Diagnostikk
Husbandry review. Radiographs (gold): demineralized ghost bones, hidden fractures. Ionized calcium; biochemistry for kidney and phosphorus.
Røntgen viser demineraliserte bein og skjulte brudd.
Behandling
Oral or injectable calcium salts; phosphate binders if phosphorus high; cautious calcitriol after calcium stabilizes. Fix UVB, heat gradient, diet.
Prognose
Excellent if early before severe deformity. Permanent shape changes may remain. Poor with paralysis or severe kidney disease.
Forebygging
Linear UVB (replace every 6-12 months), calcium (± D3 indoors), gut-load insects, Ca-rich greens, correct thermal gradient.
Når ringe veterinær
Emergency: continuous tremors/seizures, inability to lift body, soft jaw/shell, visible fractures, extreme lethargy or prolonged anorexia.
Kilder
- Mader's Reptile and Amphibian Medicine and Surgery, 3rd Edition, pages 315-321, 811-814.
- BSAVA Manual of Reptiles, 3rd Edition, pages 102-105, 210-212.
My highlights & notes
Tegn og symptomer
Hvordan det diagnostiseres
- RadiographyGullstandard
- Plasma Biochemistry Panel
- Plasma Ionized Calcium
Behandlingsmetoder
Behandling må foreskrives av autorisert veterinær. Spesifikke doser vises bevisst ikke.
Vanlige spørsmål
What is Metabolic Bone Disease?
Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD), or nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism, is a common and serious condition in captive reptiles and turtles. Caused by a lack of dietary calcium, improper calcium-to-phosphorus ratios, or insufficient UVB light, it leads to weak, deformed bones and muscle tremors. Learn how to recognize the signs, how veterinarians diagnose and treat it, and how proper husbandry can prevent this debilitating disease.
What are the symptoms of Metabolic Bone Disease?
Soft, deformed carapace or plastron、Soft, pliable mandible or maxilla (rubber jaw)、Loss of appetite、Lethargy and weakness、Muscle tremors or twitching、Pathological fractures、Swollen, firm limbs、Paresis or paralysis
How is Metabolic Bone Disease diagnosed?
Radiography、Plasma Biochemistry Panel、Plasma Ionized Calcium
How is Metabolic Bone Disease treated?
Behandling må foreskrives av autorisert veterinær. Spesifikke doser vises bevisst ikke.
Artikkelen er generell opplæring og erstatter ikke veterinærråd. Hvis dyret er sykt, kontakt veterinær.
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