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Feline Infectious Peritonitis

Feline Infectious Peritonitis

Juga dikenal sebagai: FIP

Ditinjau dokter hewanCatUrgensi: HighSeberapa umum: Uncommon
Compiled from veterinary literature and clinical references· Updated 2026-07-30·How we create this

Singkatnya

Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is an uncommon but serious viral disease in cats caused by a mutation of the common feline coronavirus. It occurs in "wet" (effusive) and "dry" (noneffusive) forms, causing progressive inflammation throughout the body. While historically considered fatal, understanding the diagnostic process and supportive care options is crucial for managing affected cats.

A domestic cat sitting quietly, looking slightly lethargic.
FIP often begins with vague signs such as lethargy, decreased appetite, and weight loss.

TL;DR. Penyakit virus progresif akibat mutasi coronavirus kucing biasa; bentuk «basah» (cairan) atau «kering» (granuloma organ).

FIP sering mulai dengan tanda samar: letargi, nafsu makan turun, berat turun.

Apa itu?

Penyakit sistemik tidak umum. FCoV sangat umum dan biasanya ringan. Sebagian kecil bermutasi menjadi FIPV di makrofag dengan peradangan hebat.

  • Efusi («basah»): vaskulitis dan cairan kuning kaya protein.
  • Non-efusi («kering»): piogranuloma di ginjal, hati, kelenjar, mata, SSP.

Penyebab dan faktor risiko

Mutasi dalam individu; FIP sendiri jarang menular kucing-ke-kucing (FCoV ya, feses). Risiko: <2 tahun atau sangat tua; stres; ras British Shorthair, Devon Rex, Abyssinian.

Tanda yang perlu diperhatikan

  • Umum: turun berat, demam naik-turun, anoreksia, letargi
  • Sesekali: perut buncit, sesak napas, ikterus, uveitis, ataksia, nistagmus/kejang, muntah/diare

A close-up of a cat's eye showing anterior uveitis, with cloudiness and inflammation.
Uveitis anterior adalah tanda sesekali FIP kering.

Bagaimana dokter hewan mendiagnosis

Diagnosis sulit. Darah: globulin tinggi, albumin rendah, A:G rendah. Basah: Rivalta, RT-PCR, imunostitokimia. Kering: pencitraan + biopsi. Titer Ab = hanya pajanan. Baku emas: histopatologi + imunostaining.

Pilihan pengobatan

Historis hampir selalu fatal tanpa antivirus modern. Paliatif glukokortikoid; interferon omega; supportif. Ketersediaan GS-441524 berbeda per wilayah.

Prognosis

Buruk tanpa antivirus lanjutan; basah lebih cepat. Lebih baik di mana antivirus modern tersedia.

Pencegahan

Kebersihan rumah multi-kucing, kurangi stres. Isolasi karena «penularan FIP» tidak diperlukan menurut referensi.

Kapan menghubungi dokter hewan

Darurat: sesak napas, kejang, anoreksia >24-48 jam, lemah ekstrem, ikterus mencolok.

Sumber

  • Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, pp. 564
  • Internal Medicine, pp. 1378, 1380

My highlights & notes

Tanda & gejala

Loss of appetite· CommonFever· CommonLethargy· CommonWeight loss (getting thinner)· CommonBloated belly· OccasionalInflammation inside the eye (anterior uveitis)· OccasionalAtaxia (wobbly, unsteady walking)· OccasionalChorioretinitis· OccasionalDiarrhoea· OccasionalDifficulty breathing (dyspnea)· OccasionalYellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)· OccasionalIridocyclitis· OccasionalEye flicking· OccasionalEnlarged kidney· OccasionalSeizures· OccasionalEnlarged spleen· OccasionalVomiting (throwing up)· Occasional

Ras berisiko lebih tinggi

Kucing AbyssinianBritish ShorthairDevon Rex

Cara didiagnosis

  • Histopathologic examination of biopsy specimens with immunostainingStandar emas
  • Coronavirus antibody titer
  • Effusion ̳-globulin concentration
  • Immunocytochemistry on macrophages in effusion fluid
  • RT-PCR on pleural or peritoneal exudate
  • Rivalta test
  • Serum or effusion albumin-to-globulin ratio

Pendekatan pengobatan

Glucocorticoids· Line 1Interferon Omega· Line 2Ascorbic AcidAspirinPropentofyllineStanozolol

Pengobatan harus diresepkan dokter hewan berlisensi. Dosis spesifik sengaja tidak ditampilkan.

Pertanyaan umum

What is Feline Infectious Peritonitis?

Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is an uncommon but serious viral disease in cats caused by a mutation of the common feline coronavirus. It occurs in "wet" (effusive) and "dry" (noneffusive) forms, causing progressive inflammation throughout the body. While historically considered fatal, understanding the diagnostic process and supportive care options is crucial for managing affected cats.

What are the symptoms of Feline Infectious Peritonitis?

Loss of appetite、Fever、Lethargy、Weight loss (getting thinner)、Bloated belly、Inflammation inside the eye (anterior uveitis)、Ataxia (wobbly, unsteady walking)、Chorioretinitis

How is Feline Infectious Peritonitis diagnosed?

Histopathologic examination of biopsy specimens with immunostaining、Coronavirus antibody titer、Effusion ̳-globulin concentration、Immunocytochemistry on macrophages in effusion fluid、RT-PCR on pleural or peritoneal exudate、Rivalta test

How is Feline Infectious Peritonitis treated?

Pengobatan harus diresepkan dokter hewan berlisensi. Dosis spesifik sengaja tidak ditampilkan.

Sumber

  1. Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 564
  2. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1380
  3. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1378
  4. Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 564

Artikel ini edukasi umum, bukan pengganti saran dokter hewan. Jika hewan sakit, konsultasikan dokter hewan.

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