Metoclopramide
別名: Reglan, Metozolv, Emeprid, Metomotyl, Vomend, Maxolon
Metoclopramide is used to help empty the stomach and prevent nausea and vomiting. * **Administration**: For best results as a prokinetic, administer the medication about 30 minutes before your pet's meal. * **Behavioral Changes**: Watch for unusual behavior. In dogs, this may look like restlessness, pacing, or aggression. In cats, it may manifest as frenzied behavior or disorientation. * > **Emergency Warning**: Contact your veterinarian immediately if your pet develops involuntary muscle spasms, twitching of the eyes/face/limbs, or a rigid posture. These are known as extrapyramidal signs and can be quickly reversed with specific medications provided by your vet. * Store the medication at room temperature and protect it from light.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- As a prokinetic for adjunctive treatment of esophagitis
- General use
- General use
- To increase bladder contractility
- To induce milk let-down for secondary agalactia
- To stimulate the gastrointestinal tract
- For reflux esophagitis
- General therapeutics (Rabbits)
- To assist in removing gastric hairballs (Rabbits)
- Pro-motile drug for ileus (Rabbits)
- General therapeutics (Mice, Rats, Gerbils, Hamsters, Guinea pigs, Chinchillas)
- As an antiemetic
- As an antiemetic
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Dogs: Changes in mentation and behavior (motor restlessness, involuntary spasms, aggression, hyperactivity to drowsiness/depression), constipation
- Cats: Frenzied behavior, disorientation, constipation
- Horses: Severe CNS effects (IV use), alternating sedation and excitement, behavioral changes, abdominal pain
- Extrapyramidal effects (tremors, rigid posture)
- Nausea and diarrhea
- Transient hypertension
- Elevated prolactin levels
- Extrapyramidal signs (tremors, twitching, hyperactivity, restlessness)
- Sedation
- Constipation or diarrhea
- Changes in mentation or behavior
注意事項與禁忌
- GI hemorrhage
- GI obstruction or perforation
- Hypersensitivity to metoclopramide
- Seizure disorders (relatively contraindicated, lowers seizure threshold)
- Head trauma
- Pheochromocytoma (may induce hypertensive crisis)
- Concurrent phenothiazine therapy
- Dogs with pseudopregnancy (stimulates prolactin release)
- Gastrointestinal obstruction
- Gastrointestinal perforation
- Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
- Seizure disorders (epilepsy)
- Pheochromocytoma
藥物相互作用
- Aspirin, Acetaminophen, Alcohol: Metoclopramide may enhance the absorption of these agents.
- Anesthetics: Acute hypotension has been reported if metoclopramide is used concurrently IV.
- Atropine (and anticholinergics): May antagonize the GI motility effects of metoclopramide.
- Cephalexin: Oral metoclopramide increases cephalexin peak plasma concentrations and AUC in dogs.
- Cholinergic Drugs (e.g., bethanechol): May enhance metoclopramide's GI effects.
- CNS Depressants: Metoclopramide may enhance CNS depressant effects.
- Cyclosporine: Metoclopramide increases the rate and extent of GI absorption.
- Opiate Analgesics: May antagonize the GI motility effects and enhance metoclopramide's CNS effects.
- MAO Inhibitors (e.g., amitraz, selegiline): Could cause hypertension.
- Phenothiazines and Butyrophenones: May potentiate the extrapyramidal effects of metoclopramide.
- Propofol: Reduces induction requirements of propofol by 20-25%.
常見問題
Metoclopramide用於寵物有甚麼用途？
Metoclopramide is used to help empty the stomach and prevent nausea and vomiting. * **Administration**: For best results as a prokinetic, administer the medication about 30 minutes before your pet's meal. * **Behavioral Changes**: Watch for unusual behavior. In dogs, this may look like restlessness, pacing, or aggression. In cats, it may manifest as frenzied behavior or disorientation. * > **Emergency Warning**: Contact your veterinarian immediately if your pet develops involuntary muscle spasms, twitching of the eyes/face/limbs, or a rigid posture. These are known as extrapyramidal signs and can be quickly reversed with specific medications provided by your vet. * Store the medication at room temperature and protect it from light.
Metoclopramide對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。