Aspiration Pneumonia
Nota anche come: Aspiration pneumonitis
In breve
Aspiration pneumonia is a serious, life-threatening lung infection in dogs and cats caused by inhaling foreign material like food or stomach acid. Learn the symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options.
TL;DR. Grave infezione polmonare da inalazione di cibo, vomito o acido gastrico; assistenza immediata.
Il materiale estraneo supera la laringe e infiamma il polmone.
Cos'è?
Chemical pneumonitis plus often bacterial pneumonia after inhaling food, vomit, or gastric acid. Airway protection fails (GI disease, neurology, larynx, anesthesia).
Cause e fattori di rischio
Almost always secondary. GI disorders >60% (megaesophagus ~26% leading). Neurologic ~18%, laryngeal ~13%; often multiple factors including recent anesthesia. Periodontal disease raises bacterial load.
Segni da osservare
- Cough, respiratory distress, lethargy, fever, hypoxemia, crackles (common)
- Cyanosis, collapse, regurgitation, shock (occasional)
Postura ortopnoica: collo esteso per facilitare il respiro.
Come diagnosticano i veterinari
Auscultation (may be normal), thoracic radiographs (often right middle lobe), SpO₂, arterial blood gas, tracheal wash/culture, bronchoscopy if needed.
Opzioni di trattamento
Oxygen, IV fluids. Broad-spectrum antibiotics culture-guided. Glucocorticoids only with extreme caution for pure chemical pneumonitis. Nebulization and coupage when stable.
Prognosi
Favorable with early aggressive care (survival ~77–82% in referral settings); worse with ARDS/ventilation. Recurrence if cause uncontrolled.
Prevenzione
Megaesophagus: upright feeding. Pre-anesthetic fasting. Dental care. Investigate vomiting/regurgitation early.
Quando chiamare il veterinario
Grade-5 emergency: severe dyspnea, moist cough, blue mucous membranes, collapse, fever with apathy.
Fonti
- Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, pages 357, 358.
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition, pages 151, 152.
My highlights & notes
Segni e sintomi
Come si diagnostica
- Arterial blood gas analysis
- Bronchoscopy
- Pulse Oximetry
- Thoracic radiography
- Tracheal wash
Approcci di trattamento
Il trattamento deve essere prescritto da un veterinario abilitato in base al vostro animale. Le dosi specifiche non sono mostrate di proposito.
Domande frequenti
What is Aspiration Pneumonia?
Aspiration pneumonia is a serious, life-threatening lung infection in dogs and cats caused by inhaling foreign material like food or stomach acid. Learn the symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options.
What are the symptoms of Aspiration Pneumonia?
Abnormal lung sounds、Loss of appetite、Cough、Crackles、Low mood and dullness、Low blood oxygen、Lethargy、Pyrexia
How is Aspiration Pneumonia diagnosed?
Arterial blood gas analysis、Bronchoscopy、Pulse Oximetry、Thoracic radiography、Tracheal wash
How is Aspiration Pneumonia treated?
Il trattamento deve essere prescritto da un veterinario abilitato in base al vostro animale. Le dosi specifiche non sono mostrate di proposito.
Fonti
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 358
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 357
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 151
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 152
Questo articolo è informativo e non sostituisce il parere veterinario. Se l’animale sta male, consultate un veterinario.
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