洛莫司汀
別名: CeeNu, Belustine, Cecenu, CiNU, Citosta, Lomeblastin, Lucostin, Lucostine, Prava, CCNU, Gleostine, CeeNU
**重要安全與操作指南:** * **細胞毒性防護:** 洛莫司汀是一種化療藥物。處理膠囊時請戴上一次性手套。**請勿打開、壓碎或剝開膠囊。** * **廢物處理:** 服藥後長達 24 小時內(某些療程建議 48-72 小時的防護),可在寵物的尿液和糞便中檢測到藥物及其有毒代謝物。清理尿液、糞便或嘔吐物時請戴上手套,事後徹底洗手。孕婦或免疫力低下者應避免接觸該藥物或寵物的排泄物。 **何時應聯繫獸醫:** * 洛莫司汀會引起嚴重的骨髓抑制和肝臟損傷。 * 如果您的寵物出現感染跡象、發燒、異常瘀傷或出血、眼白或牙齦發黃(黃疸)、持續嘔吐、腹瀉,或者變得精神萎靡和生病,請**立即**聯繫您的獸醫。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Antineoplastic (CNS neoplasms, lymphomas, mast cell tumors)
- Antineoplastic (CNS neoplasms, lymphomas, mast cell tumors)
- All uses
- Antineoplastic (CNS neoplasms, lymphomas, mast cell tumors, histiocytic sarcomas)
- All uses (brain tumours, mast cell tumours, lymphoma, histiocytic sarcoma)
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Bone marrow depression (anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia) - nadirs typically at 1-6 weeks
- Hepatotoxicity (delayed, cumulative, chronic, and irreversible in dogs)
- Anorexia
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Stomatitis
- Alopecia
- Corneal de-epithelization
- Renal toxicity (rare)
- Pulmonary infiltrates or fibrosis (rare)
- Myelosuppression (dose-limiting; severe neutropenia and thrombocytopenia)
- Hepatotoxicity (cumulative, dose-related, potentially irreversible in dogs)
- Gastrointestinal toxicity (vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia)
注意事項與禁忌
- Pre-existing severe bone marrow depression
- Active infections
- Pregnancy (Teratogenic - FDA Category D)
- Nursing/lactating animals
- Pre-existing bone marrow suppression
- Pre-existing liver disease
- Pregnancy and lactation
- Use only when potential benefits outweigh risks in patients with pre-existing anemia, bone marrow depression, pulmonary function impairment, current infection, impaired renal function, or sensitivity to lomustine. Extreme caution is required in patients who have received previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy due to compromised bone marrow reserves. **Hepatotoxicity** in dogs can be severe, delayed, and irreversible. **Teratogenic** in laboratory animals; suppresses gonadal function. Nursing puppies/kittens should receive milk replacer if the mother is treated.
藥物相互作用
- Immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids): May increase the risk of severe infection due to additive immunosuppression.
- Myelosuppressive drugs (e.g., chloramphenicol, flucytosine, amphotericin B, colchicine): Additive bone marrow depression; concurrent use should be avoided or strictly monitored.
- Live virus vaccines: Increased risk of vaccine-induced infection or decreased vaccine efficacy; use with extreme caution or avoid during therapy.
- Other myelosuppressive agents: Increased risk of severe and potentially fatal bone marrow suppression.
- Phenobarbital (and other liver enzyme inducers): Altered metabolism of lomustine, which requires hepatic microsomal enzyme hydroxylation. Use with caution.
- Cimetidine: Enhances the toxicity of lomustine (reported in humans).
常見問題
洛莫司汀用於寵物有什麼用途?
**重要安全與操作指南:** * **細胞毒性防護:** 洛莫司汀是一種化療藥物。處理膠囊時請戴上一次性手套。**請勿打開、壓碎或剝開膠囊。** * **廢物處理:** 服藥後長達 24 小時內(某些療程建議 48-72 小時的防護),可在寵物的尿液和糞便中檢測到藥物及其有毒代謝物。清理尿液、糞便或嘔吐物時請戴上手套,事後徹底洗手。孕婦或免疫力低下者應避免接觸該藥物或寵物的排泄物。 **何時應聯繫獸醫:** * 洛莫司汀會引起嚴重的骨髓抑制和肝臟損傷。 * 如果您的寵物出現感染跡象、發燒、異常瘀傷或出血、眼白或牙齦發黃(黃疸)、持續嘔吐、腹瀉,或者變得精神萎靡和生病,請**立即**聯繫您的獸醫。
洛莫司汀對我的寵物安全嗎?
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育,不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適,請諮詢獸醫。