洛莫司汀

用途

• Antineoplastic (CNS neoplasms, lymphomas, mast cell tumors)
• Antineoplastic (CNS neoplasms, lymphomas, mast cell tumors)
• All uses
• Antineoplastic (CNS neoplasms, lymphomas, mast cell tumors, histiocytic sarcomas)
• All uses (brain tumours, mast cell tumours, lymphoma, histiocytic sarcoma)

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Bone marrow depression (anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia) - nadirs typically at 1-6 weeks
• Hepatotoxicity (delayed, cumulative, chronic, and irreversible in dogs)
• Anorexia
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Stomatitis
• Alopecia
• Corneal de-epithelization
• Renal toxicity (rare)
• Pulmonary infiltrates or fibrosis (rare)
• Myelosuppression (dose-limiting; severe neutropenia and thrombocytopenia)
• Hepatotoxicity (cumulative, dose-related, potentially irreversible in dogs)
• Gastrointestinal toxicity (vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia)

注意事項與禁忌

• Pre-existing severe bone marrow depression
• Active infections
• Pregnancy (Teratogenic - FDA Category D)
• Nursing/lactating animals
• Pre-existing bone marrow suppression
• Pre-existing liver disease
• Pregnancy and lactation
• Use only when potential benefits outweigh risks in patients with pre-existing anemia, bone marrow depression, pulmonary function impairment, current infection, impaired renal function, or sensitivity to lomustine. Extreme caution is required in patients who have received previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy due to compromised bone marrow reserves. **Hepatotoxicity** in dogs can be severe, delayed, and irreversible. **Teratogenic** in laboratory animals; suppresses gonadal function. Nursing puppies/kittens should receive milk replacer if the mother is treated.

藥物相互作用

• Immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids): May increase the risk of severe infection due to additive immunosuppression.
• Myelosuppressive drugs (e.g., chloramphenicol, flucytosine, amphotericin B, colchicine): Additive bone marrow depression; concurrent use should be avoided or strictly monitored.
• Live virus vaccines: Increased risk of vaccine-induced infection or decreased vaccine efficacy; use with extreme caution or avoid during therapy.
• Other myelosuppressive agents: Increased risk of severe and potentially fatal bone marrow suppression.
• Phenobarbital (and other liver enzyme inducers): Altered metabolism of lomustine, which requires hepatic microsomal enzyme hydroxylation. Use with caution.
• Cimetidine: Enhances the toxicity of lomustine (reported in humans).

常見問題