Lomustine
別名: CeeNu, Belustine, Cecenu, CiNU, Citosta, Lomeblastin, Lucostin, Lucostine, Prava, CCNU, Gleostine, CeeNU
**Important Safety and Handling Guidelines:** * **Cytotoxic Precautions:** Lomustine is a chemotherapy drug. Wear disposable gloves when handling the capsules. **Do not open, crush, or split the capsules.** * **Waste Management:** The drug and its toxic metabolites can be detected in the pet's urine and feces for up to 24 hours (some protocols recommend precautions for 48-72 hours) after a dose. Wear gloves when cleaning up urine, feces, or vomit, and wash hands thoroughly afterward. Pregnant women or immunosuppressed individuals should avoid handling the drug or the pet's waste. **When to Contact the Veterinarian:** * Lomustine can cause severe suppression of the bone marrow and liver damage. * Contact your veterinarian **immediately** if your pet develops signs of infection, runs a fever, exhibits unusual bruising or bleeding, has yellowing of the whites of the eyes or gums (jaundice), experiences persistent vomiting, diarrhea, or simply becomes lethargic and ill.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Antineoplastic (CNS neoplasms, lymphomas, mast cell tumors)
- Antineoplastic (CNS neoplasms, lymphomas, mast cell tumors)
- All uses
- Antineoplastic (CNS neoplasms, lymphomas, mast cell tumors, histiocytic sarcomas)
- All uses (brain tumours, mast cell tumours, lymphoma, histiocytic sarcoma)
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Bone marrow depression (anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia) - nadirs typically at 1-6 weeks
- Hepatotoxicity (delayed, cumulative, chronic, and irreversible in dogs)
- Anorexia
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Stomatitis
- Alopecia
- Corneal de-epithelization
- Renal toxicity (rare)
- Pulmonary infiltrates or fibrosis (rare)
- Myelosuppression (dose-limiting; severe neutropenia and thrombocytopenia)
- Hepatotoxicity (cumulative, dose-related, potentially irreversible in dogs)
- Gastrointestinal toxicity (vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia)
注意事項與禁忌
- Pre-existing severe bone marrow depression
- Active infections
- Pregnancy (Teratogenic - FDA Category D)
- Nursing/lactating animals
- Pre-existing bone marrow suppression
- Pre-existing liver disease
- Pregnancy and lactation
- Use only when potential benefits outweigh risks in patients with pre-existing anemia, bone marrow depression, pulmonary function impairment, current infection, impaired renal function, or sensitivity to lomustine. Extreme caution is required in patients who have received previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy due to compromised bone marrow reserves. **Hepatotoxicity** in dogs can be severe, delayed, and irreversible. **Teratogenic** in laboratory animals; suppresses gonadal function. Nursing puppies/kittens should receive milk replacer if the mother is treated.
藥物相互作用
- Immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids): May increase the risk of severe infection due to additive immunosuppression.
- Myelosuppressive drugs (e.g., chloramphenicol, flucytosine, amphotericin B, colchicine): Additive bone marrow depression; concurrent use should be avoided or strictly monitored.
- Live virus vaccines: Increased risk of vaccine-induced infection or decreased vaccine efficacy; use with extreme caution or avoid during therapy.
- Other myelosuppressive agents: Increased risk of severe and potentially fatal bone marrow suppression.
- Phenobarbital (and other liver enzyme inducers): Altered metabolism of lomustine, which requires hepatic microsomal enzyme hydroxylation. Use with caution.
- Cimetidine: Enhances the toxicity of lomustine (reported in humans).
常見問題
Lomustine用於寵物有甚麼用途？
**Important Safety and Handling Guidelines:** * **Cytotoxic Precautions:** Lomustine is a chemotherapy drug. Wear disposable gloves when handling the capsules. **Do not open, crush, or split the capsules.** * **Waste Management:** The drug and its toxic metabolites can be detected in the pet's urine and feces for up to 24 hours (some protocols recommend precautions for 48-72 hours) after a dose. Wear gloves when cleaning up urine, feces, or vomit, and wash hands thoroughly afterward. Pregnant women or immunosuppressed individuals should avoid handling the drug or the pet's waste. **When to Contact the Veterinarian:** * Lomustine can cause severe suppression of the bone marrow and liver damage. * Contact your veterinarian **immediately** if your pet develops signs of infection, runs a fever, exhibits unusual bruising or bleeding, has yellowing of the whites of the eyes or gums (jaundice), experiences persistent vomiting, diarrhea, or simply becomes lethargic and ill.
Lomustine對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。