阿奇黴素

用途

• Susceptible infections
• Susceptible infections (pulse dosing)
• 'Derm' infections
• Canine pyoderma
• Babesia gibsoni (Asian genotype) infections
• Idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic (chronic) rhinitis
• Susceptible infections
• Chlamydiosis (experimentally infected cockatiels)
• Chlamydophilosis
• Susceptible infections
• Susceptible infections (pulse dosing)
• 'Derm' infections
• Susceptible upper respiratory infections

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Vomiting (especially at high doses)
• Diarrhea
• GI cramping
• Potential hepatotoxicity
• Local tissue reactions (IV site)
• Muscle damage (IM injection)
• Diarrhea in foals

注意事項與禁忌

• Hypersensitivity to azithromycin or any other macrolide antibiotics
• **Hepatic Impairment:** Because azithromycin is primarily eliminated via the liver (excreted unchanged in the bile), it should be used with caution in patients with impaired hepatic function. **Pregnancy:** Safety during pregnancy has not been fully established in veterinary species. Use only when clearly necessary. In humans, it is an FDA Category B drug (animal studies have not demonstrated fetal risk, but adequate human studies are lacking). **Injection Site:** IM injection is generally avoided in small animals and rabbits due to a high degree of muscle damage at the injection site.

藥物相互作用

• Antacids (magnesium- and aluminum-containing): May reduce the rate of absorption of azithromycin; separate dosages by 2 hours
• Cisapride: Other macrolides are contraindicated with cisapride due to potential for fatal arrhythmias; use with extreme caution or avoid
• Cyclosporine: Azithromycin may potentially increase cyclosporine blood levels; monitor carefully
• Digoxin: Other macrolides can increase digoxin levels; monitor carefully
• Pimozide: Contraindicated; acute deaths have occurred in humans
• Methylprednisolone: May increase serum levels of methylprednisolone
• Theophylline: May increase serum levels of theophylline
• Terfenadine: May increase serum levels of terfenadine

常見問題