四環黴素
別名: Aquadrops, Panmycin, Sumycin, Polyotic, Delta Albaplex
藥物類別: Tetracycline Antibiotic
* **給藥方式**：盡可能在空腹時給予此藥物。避免在餵食或給予牛奶/乳製品的前後1-2小時內給藥，因為這會顯著降低藥物的吸收。 * **腸胃不適**：如果您的寵物出現嘔吐或噁心，可以將藥物與少量非乳製品的食物一起給予，這可能會有所幫助，儘管這可能會稍微降低藥效。 * **陽光照射**：此藥物可能會使您寵物的皮膚對陽光更加敏感（光敏性）。請避免長時間暴露在陽光下。 * **牙齒變色**：請注意，在生長發育中的幼年動物，此藥物可能會導致牙齒永久性變黃或變棕色。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Susceptible infections
- Soft tissue infections
- Hemotropic mycoplasmosis
- Bacteremia, systemic infections
- Rickettsial diseases
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections in calves
- Susceptible infections in calves
- Susceptible infections
- Treatment of psittacosis
- Mild respiratory disease (flock treatment)
- Susceptible infections
- Converting regimen to pelleted feeds
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections (Rabbits)
- Susceptible infections (Chinchillas)
- Susceptible infections (Chinchillas, Guinea Pigs, Rats)
- Susceptible infections (Mice)
- Susceptible infections (Hamsters)
- Susceptible infections (Gerbils)
- Discoid lupus erythematosus
- Discoid lupus erythematosus, pemphigus foliaceous or pemphigus erythematous
- Various immune-mediated diseases
- UTI
- Rickettsiosis, Borreliosis
- Systemic bacteremia, brucellosis
- Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible UTI's
- Lyme disease
- Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
- Ehrlichiosis
- Facial tear staining
- Pleurodesis
給藥方式
POIVIMIntrapleural (pleurodesis)
可能的副作用
- Gastrointestinal distress (nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea)
- Discoloration of developing teeth and bones (yellow/brown/gray)
- Delayed bone growth and healing in young animals
- Superinfections (bacterial or fungal overgrowth)
- Photosensitivity
- Urolith formation (with long-term use in dogs)
- Hepatotoxicity and blood dyscrasias (rare)
- Cats: Colic, fever, hair loss, depression (poorly tolerated)
- Horses: Severe diarrhea (especially if stressed)
- Ruminants: Ruminal microflora depression and stasis (high oral doses)
- Injection site reactions (IM): Local necrosis and yellow staining
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to tetracyclines
- Pregnancy (last half) - retards fetal skeletal development and discolors teeth
- Young, growing animals (unless benefits outweigh risks)
- > **Extreme Caution**: Pregnancy (Category D). Can cause congenital malformations, embryotoxicity, and discoloration of deciduous teeth. * **Renal/Hepatic Impairment**: Use cautiously. Lower dosages and enhanced monitoring are recommended. Avoid concurrent nephrotoxic or hepatotoxic drugs. * **Cats**: Do not tolerate oral tetracycline well; monitor closely for adverse effects. * **IV Administration**: Rapid IV injection can cause transient collapse and cardiac arrhythmias due to calcium chelation. Administer slowly or pre-treat with IV calcium gluconate if rapid injection is necessary.
藥物相互作用
- Atovaquone: Tetracyclines may decrease atovaquone levels.
- Beta-lactam or Aminoglycoside Antibiotics: Theoretical antagonism of bactericidal activity, though clinical significance is doubtful.
- Digoxin: May increase bioavailability of digoxin, potentially causing toxicity that persists for months.
- Divalent or Trivalent Cations (Antacids, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Zinc, Bismuth): Chelation occurs, significantly decreasing the absorption of tetracycline. Separate doses by at least 1-2 hours.
- Methoxyflurane: Concomitant use can cause fatal nephrotoxicity.
- Sucralfate: May impair oral absorption of tetracycline; separate dosing by at least 2 hours.
- Warfarin: May depress plasma prothrombin activity; anticoagulant dosage adjustment may be needed.
常見問題
四環黴素用於寵物有甚麼用途？
• 給藥方式：盡可能在空腹時給予此藥物。避免在餵食或給予牛奶/乳製品的前後1-2小時內給藥，因為這會顯著降低藥物的吸收。 • 腸胃不適：如果您的寵物出現嘔吐或噁心，可以將藥物與少量非乳製品的食物一起給予，這可能會有所幫助，儘管這可能會稍微降低藥效。 • 陽光照射：此藥物可能會使您寵物的皮膚對陽光更加敏感（光敏性）。請避免長時間暴露在陽光下。 • 牙齒變色：請注意，在生長發育中的幼年動物，此藥物可能會導致牙齒永久性變黃或變棕色。
四環黴素對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。