乳果糖
別名: Cephulac, Constulose, Enulose, Kristalose, Generiac, Duphalac, Lactugal, Laevolac
### 預期效果 * **治療目標**：乳果糖治療的理想結果是**每天排便 2 到 3 次，呈柔軟成形的狀態**（想像成霜淇淋的濃稠度）。 * **劑量調整**：您的獸醫師可能會根據寵物糞便的軟硬度，請您稍微調高或調低劑量。 ### 重要警告 * **注意腹瀉**：如果您的寵物出現水狀腹瀉，請立即停藥並聯繫您的獸醫師，因為這可能導致危險的脫水。 * **肝臟疾病**：如果您的寵物是因為肝病（肝性腦病）服用此藥，且其神經系統症狀惡化（例如：走路不穩、發呆、頭部頂牆）或每天排軟便次數少於 2 次，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 ### 貓咪餵藥技巧 * 貓咪通常非常討厭液體糖漿黏稠、甜膩的味道，可能會過度流口水或逃跑。 * 如果您在餵食液體時遇到困難，請向您的獸醫師詢問**乳果糖結晶粉** (*Kristalose*)，它可以輕鬆混入罐頭食品中，貓咪通常更容易接受。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Hepatic encephalopathy
- Constipation
- Constipation
- Constipation
- Chronic constipation (maintaining soft stools)
- Hepatic encephalopathy / Constipation
- Hepatic encephalopathy; to stimulate appetite, improve intestinal flora
- Laxative
- Hepatic encephalopathy
- Hepatic encephalopathy
- Hepatic encephalopathy crisis
- Hepatic encephalopathy
- Hepatic encephalopathy
- Constipation
- Hepatic encephalopathy / Constipation
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Flatulence
- Gastric distention
- Abdominal cramping
- Diarrhea (dose-dependent)
- Dehydration (secondary to excessive diarrhea)
- Hypersalivation/aversion in cats (due to taste/texture)
- Diarrhoea
- Dehydration (with excessive dosing)
注意事項與禁忌
- Patients requiring a low-galactose diet
- Use with caution in diabetic patients (contains free lactose and galactose)
- Use with caution in patients with preexisting fluid and electrolyte imbalances
- Severely encephalopathic animals at risk of inhalation/aspiration
- Gastrointestinal obstruction
- Animals at risk of gastrointestinal perforation
- > **Diabetic Patients**: Lactulose syrup contains some free lactose and galactose, which may alter insulin requirements. > **Electrolyte Imbalances**: Lactulose-induced diarrhea can exacerbate preexisting fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Monitor hydration and serum electrolytes during long-term therapy. > **Feline Administration**: The syrup is notoriously difficult to administer to cats due to taste aversion; consider using lactulose crystals mixed with food.
藥物相互作用
- Oral Antacids: Non-adsorbable antacids may reduce the colonic acidification effects and overall efficacy of lactulose.
- Other Laxatives: Should not be used concurrently; loose stools may be falsely attributed to lactulose, resulting in inadequate dosing for hepatic encephalopathy.
- Neomycin (and other oral antibiotics): Theoretically, oral antibiotics could eliminate the colonic bacteria required to metabolize lactulose, reducing its efficacy. However, clinical synergy is often observed when treating hepatic encephalopathy. Enhanced monitoring is recommended.
- Oral antibiotics (e.g., neomycin): Synergy may occur when used together for hepatic encephalopathy.
- Insulin: Lactulose syrup contains free lactose and galactose, which may alter insulin requirements in diabetic patients.
- 5-aminosalicylic acid (and other pH-dependent colon-release drugs): Can be inactivated because lactulose decreases the pH of the colon.
常見問題
乳果糖用於寵物有甚麼用途？
### 預期效果 • 治療目標：乳果糖治療的理想結果是每天排便 2 到 3 次，呈柔軟成形的狀態（想像成霜淇淋的濃稠度）。 • 劑量調整：您的獸醫師可能會根據寵物糞便的軟硬度，請您稍微調高或調低劑量。 ### 重要警告 • 注意腹瀉：如果您的寵物出現水狀腹瀉，請立即停藥並聯繫您的獸醫師，因為這可能導致危險的脫水。 • 肝臟疾病：如果您的寵物是因為肝病（肝性腦病）服用此藥，且其神經系統症狀惡化（例如：走路不穩、發呆、頭部頂牆）或每天排軟便次數少於 2 次，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 ### 貓咪餵藥技巧 • 貓咪通常非常討厭液體糖漿黏稠、甜膩的味道，可能會過度流口水或逃跑。 • 如果您在餵食液體時遇到困難，請向您的獸醫師詢問乳果糖結晶粉 (*Kristalose*)，它可以輕鬆混入罐頭食品中，貓咪通常更容易接受。
乳果糖對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。