Calcium Salts
別名: AmTech Calcium Gluconate, Cal-Nate 1069, Cal Supreme Gel, Clearcal 50, Pet-Cal, Osteoform
### For Pet Owners * **Purpose:** Calcium supplements are used to treat low blood calcium levels, which can cause muscle twitching, weakness, or seizures (especially in nursing mothers, a condition called eclampsia or 'milk fever'). * **Administration:** If giving oral calcium, follow your veterinarian's instructions exactly. Do not give with certain antibiotics (like tetracyclines or fluoroquinolones) as calcium can block their absorption. Separate doses by at least 2 hours. * **Side Effects:** Oral calcium can sometimes cause stomach upset or constipation. * **Warning:** Never give human calcium supplements or antacids without consulting your veterinarian, as the dose and formulation may not be safe for your pet. If your pet is receiving injectable calcium at the clinic, they will be closely monitored, as giving it too fast can affect the heart.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Acute hypocalcemia secondary to hypoparathyroidism
- Hypocalcemia secondary to phosphate enema toxicity or puerperal tetany
- Emergency treatment of hypocalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Lactation tetany
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Hypercalcemia
- GI irritation and/or constipation (oral administration)
- Mild to severe tissue reactions, pyogranulomatous panniculitis, adipocyte mineralization (IM or SC administration)
- Venous irritation (IV administration)
- Hypotension (if given IV too rapidly)
- Cardiac arrhythmias and cardiac arrest (if given IV too rapidly)
注意事項與禁忌
- Ventricular fibrillation
- Hypercalcemia
- > **WARNING:** Intravenous calcium must be administered **SLOWLY** while continuously monitoring the ECG and/or heart rate. Too rapid administration can cause fatal arrhythmias, bradycardia, hypotension, and cardiac arrest. If bradycardia or Q-T interval shortening occurs, halt the infusion immediately. * **Extravasation Risk:** Calcium salts (especially calcium chloride) are highly irritating. Perivascular administration can cause severe tissue necrosis. If extravasation occurs, stop infusion, infiltrate with normal saline, apply heat, and consider local corticosteroids or 1% procaine/hyaluronidase. * **Subcutaneous Use:** While historically used SC in dogs/cats, it is now known to cause severe tissue reactions (pyogranulomatous panniculitis, mineralization) and should be used with extreme caution or avoided if possible. * **Acid-Base/Renal:** Calcium chloride is acidifying; use with caution in respiratory failure, respiratory acidosis, or renal disease.
藥物相互作用
- Calcium Channel Blockers (e.g., diltiazem, verapamil): Intravenous calcium may antagonize the effects of calcium-channel blocking agents.
- Digoxin: Patients on digitalis therapy are more apt to develop arrhythmias if receiving IV calcium; use with extreme caution.
- Magnesium (oral): May lead to increased serum magnesium and/or calcium, particularly in patients with renal failure.
- Magnesium Sulfate (parenteral): Parenteral calcium can neutralize the effects of hypermagnesemia or magnesium toxicity secondary to parenteral magnesium sulfate.
- Neuromuscular Blockers (e.g., atracurium, vecuronium, tubocurarine): Parenteral calcium may reverse the effects of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents; has been reported to prolong or enhance the effects of tubocurarine.
- Tetracyclines, Fluoroquinolones (oral): Oral calcium can reduce the amount of these antibiotics absorbed from the GI tract via chelation; separate dosages by at least two hours.
- Potassium Supplements: Patients receiving both parenteral calcium and potassium supplementation may have an increased chance of developing cardiac arrhythmias.
- Thiazide Diuretics: Used in conjunction with large doses of calcium may cause hypercalcemia.
- Vitamin A: Excessive intake may stimulate calcium loss from bone and cause hypercalcemia.
常見問題
Calcium Salts用於寵物有甚麼用途？
### For Pet Owners * **Purpose:** Calcium supplements are used to treat low blood calcium levels, which can cause muscle twitching, weakness, or seizures (especially in nursing mothers, a condition called eclampsia or 'milk fever'). * **Administration:** If giving oral calcium, follow your veterinarian's instructions exactly. Do not give with certain antibiotics (like tetracyclines or fluoroquinolones) as calcium can block their absorption. Separate doses by at least 2 hours. * **Side Effects:** Oral calcium can sometimes cause stomach upset or constipation. * **Warning:** Never give human calcium supplements or antacids without consulting your veterinarian, as the dose and formulation may not be safe for your pet. If your pet is receiving injectable calcium at the clinic, they will be closely monitored, as giving it too fast can affect the heart.
Calcium Salts對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。