オルビフロキサシン

使用用途

• Susceptible infections
• Skin infections (wounds and abscesses)
• Skin and other soft tissue infections
• Susceptible infections
• Susceptible infections
• Susceptible infections
• Urinary tract infections (cystitis) and skin/soft tissue infections (wounds and abscesses)
• Bacterial cystitis
• Skin and other soft tissue infections
• Otitis

投与方法

考えられる副作用

• Anorexia
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Arthropathies (cartilage damage) in immature, growing animals
• Potential retinal toxicity/blindness in cats (rare, but reported with higher doses of fluoroquinolones)
• CNS stimulation (rare)
• Cartilage abnormalities in growing animals
• CNS adverse effects (potentiated by NSAIDs)
• Retinal blindness in cats (dose-dependent)

注意事項と禁忌

• Immature dogs during the rapid growth phase (2-8 months in small/medium breeds; up to 18 months in large/giant breeds)
• Known hypersensitivity to orbifloxacin or other quinolones
• Giant-breed dogs <18 months old
• Large breeds <12 months old
• Small and medium-sized breeds <8 months old
• Pregnant or lactating bitches
• Animals intended for breeding
• Animals <4 months of age (otic preparation)
• Animals with a ruptured tympanum (otic preparation)
• Use with caution in animals with known or suspected CNS disorders (e.g., seizure disorders) as fluoroquinolones have rarely been associated with CNS stimulation. Safety in breeding or pregnant dogs and cats has not been established. Use higher dosages carefully in cats due to the potential risk of retinal toxicity.

薬物相互作用

• Antacids / Dairy Products: Cations (Mg++, Al+++, Ca++) bind to orbifloxacin and prevent its absorption; separate doses by at least 2 hours.
• Other Antibiotics (Aminoglycosides, 3rd-gen cephalosporins, extended-spectrum penicillins): Unpredictable synergism may occur against some bacteria (particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa).
• Cyclosporine: May exacerbate nephrotoxicity and reduce the metabolism of systemic cyclosporine.
• Flunixin: May increase the AUC and elimination half-life of fluoroquinolones.
• Glyburide: Severe hypoglycemia is possible.
• Iron, Zinc (oral): Decreased orbifloxacin absorption; separate doses by at least 2 hours.
• Methotrexate: Increased methotrexate levels possible, resulting in toxicity.
• Nitrofurantoin: May antagonize the antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolones; concomitant use is not recommended.
• Phenytoin: May alter phenytoin levels.
• Probenecid: Blocks tubular secretion, potentially increasing blood levels and half-life of orbifloxacin.

よくある質問