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Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease

Juga dikenal sebagai: Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease, DMVD, MVD, Myxomatous Valvular Degeneration, Mitral Endocardiosis, Chronic Degenerative Atrioventricular Valve Disease

Ditinjau dokter hewanCatDogUrgensi: ModerateSeberapa umum: Common

Singkatnya

Myxomatous mitral valve disease is a common, progressive heart condition in dogs and cats where the heart's mitral valve thickens and leaks, potentially leading to congestive heart failure.

An alert Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dog sitting comfortably on a blanket.
Many dogs with early-stage myxomatous mitral valve disease remain active and show no outward signs of illness.

TL;DR. Degenerasi progresif dan kebocoran katup mitral; dapat berujung gagal jantung kongestif, terutama pada anjing.

Banyak anjing tahap awal tetap aktif tanpa tanda luar.

Apa itu?

Katup mitral menebal dan cacat, tidak menutup rapat: regurgitasi ke atrium kiri. Penyakit jantung didapat tersering pada anjing kecil usia madya hingga tua.

Penyebab dan faktor risiko

Degenerasi idiopatik terkait ras dan usia. Ras toy/kecil; Cavalier sangat dan lebih awal terdampak.

Tanda

  • Bising holosistolik (utama)
  • Batuk (umum), sering malam
  • Toleransi olahraga menurun
  • Takipnea istirahat / distres napas
  • Sinkop (kadang)

A medical diagram of a dog's heart showing a thickened, leaking mitral valve.
Daun katup menebal dan cacat serta tidak menutup penuh.

Diagnosis

Auskultasi, rontgen dada, ekokardiografi Doppler (baku emas), kadang proBNP. Stadium ACVIM A-D.

"Characteristic valve changes include collagen degeneration and disorganization, fragmentation of valve elastin, and excess deposition of proteoglycan..."

An echocardiogram screen displaying a color Doppler scan of a canine heart.
Ekokardiografi adalah baku emas menilai regurgitasi mitral.

Pengobatan

Pemantauan dan pimobendan di B2. Pada gagal: diuretik, pimobendan, ACEI, diet rendah natrium, frekuensi napas istirahat.

Prognosis

Sering bertahun-tahun kualitas baik di tahap awal; waspada setelah gagal berulang.

Pencegahan

Pemeriksaan jantung ras berisiko, berat ideal, pantau napas istirahat.

Kapan menghubungi dokter hewan

Bising baru, batuk, atau cepat lelah. Darurat jika napas berat, takipnea istirahat, atau kolaps.

Untuk ras tertentu

Cavalier King Charles, poodle, chihuahua, dachshund, dan ras kecil lain.

Sumber

  • Clinical Echocardiography of the Dog and Cat, page 155
  • Internal Medicine (5th Edition), pages 149, 151

My highlights & notes

Tanda & gejala

Ras berisiko lebih tinggi

Cara didiagnosis

  • EchocardiographyStandar emas
  • Electrocardiography (ECG)
  • Physical examination and Auscultation
  • Thoracic radiography

Pertanyaan umum

What is Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease?

Myxomatous mitral valve disease is a common, progressive heart condition in dogs and cats where the heart's mitral valve thickens and leaks, potentially leading to congestive heart failure.

What are the symptoms of Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease?

Holosystolic murmur、Cough、Decreased exercise tolerance、Difficulty breathing、Fast breathing、Fluid in the belly (ascites)、Pleural effusion、Weakness (low energy, no strength)

How is Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease diagnosed?

Echocardiography、Electrocardiography (ECG)、Physical examination and Auscultation、Thoracic radiography

Sumber

  1. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 149
  2. Clinical Echocardiography of the Dog and Cat · p. 155
  3. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 151
  4. Clinical Echocardiography of the Dog and Cat · p. 155

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