甲氧苄啶/磺胺嘧啶 與 甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑
別名: Co-trimoxazole, Tribrissen, Bactrim, Septra, Tucoprim, Uniprim, Di-Biotic, Cotrim, Sulfatrim, Trivetrin, Borgal
**寵物主人重要指引:** - **保持水分充足:** 在服藥期間,請確保您的寵物隨時有充足的新鮮飲水。脫水可能導致藥物在腎臟或尿液中形成結晶。 - **注意眼睛狀況(犬隻):** 此藥物可能會減少淚液分泌,導致「乾眼症」(乾燥性角結膜炎)。如果您發現狗狗瞇眼、揉眼睛、眼睛發紅或出現濃稠的黃綠色眼屎,請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 - **過敏反應:** 杜賓犬和某些大型犬較容易發生過敏反應。如果您發現寵物臉部腫脹、起疹子、不明原因發燒、關節僵硬/跛行,或眼睛/牙齦發黃,請立即停藥並聯繫獸醫師。 - **給藥方式:** 可與食物一起或空腹餵食。如果使用口服懸浮液,在抽取每次劑量前請**充分搖勻**。藥水不需要冷藏。 - **完成療程:** 即使您的寵物看起來已經完全康復,也請務必按照獸醫師的指示完成整個處方療程,以預防抗藥性細菌的產生。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- UTI
- UTI, soft tissue infections
- Susceptible infections
- Toxoplasmosis
- Bacterial UTI
- Susceptible infections
- Coccidiosis
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections (Calves)
- Respiratory tract infections
- Susceptible infections (Foals)
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Dogs: Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS/dry eye - potentially irreversible)
- Dogs: Hypersensitivity reactions (Type 1 anaphylaxis or Type 3 serum sickness, polyarthritis, urticaria, facial swelling)
- Dogs: Acute neutrophilic hepatitis with icterus, idiosyncratic hepatic necrosis
- Dogs: Vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea
- Dogs: Hemolytic anemia, agranulocytosis
- Dogs: Hypothyroidism (with extended therapy)
- Dogs: Crystalluria, hematuria, polyuria, polydipsia
- Cats: Anorexia, crystalluria, hematuria, leukopenias, anemias
- Horses: Transient pruritus (after IV injection), diarrhea, hypersensitivity, hematologic effects
- Injection site reactions: Swelling, pain, tissue damage (IM, SC, or extravasation)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides, thiazides, or sulfonylurea agents
- Severe renal or hepatic impairment
- Doberman pinschers (highly susceptible to immune complex disease)
- Marked blood dyscrasias
- Animals intended for food (in the USA/certain jurisdictions)
- Use with caution in patients with pre-existing hepatic or renal disease. Because of its potential for crystallization in the urine, avoid use in dogs known to have uroliths, at increased risk for developing uroliths, or those with highly concentrated (dehydrated) or acidic urine. Potentially teratogenic (cleft palate reported); weigh risk vs. benefit in pregnant animals. Use with caution in nursing animals as sulfonamides are excreted in milk and may cause kernicterus in neonates.
藥物相互作用
- Amantadine: May cause toxic delirium (reported in humans)
- Antacids: May decrease the bioavailability of sulfonamides if administered concurrently
- Cyclosporine: May increase the risk of nephrotoxicity
- Digoxin: May increase digoxin levels
- Diuretics, Thiazide: May increase risk for thrombocytopenia
- Hypoglycemic agents, oral: May potentiate hypoglycemic effects
- Methotrexate: May displace from plasma proteins and increase risk for toxic effects; can also interfere with MTX assays
- Phenytoin: May increase half-life of phenytoin
- Tricyclic antidepressants: May decrease efficacy of the antidepressant
- Warfarin: May prolong INR/PT and increase bleeding risk
常見問題
甲氧苄啶/磺胺嘧啶 與 甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑用於寵物有什麼用途?
**寵物主人重要指引:** - **保持水分充足:** 在服藥期間,請確保您的寵物隨時有充足的新鮮飲水。脫水可能導致藥物在腎臟或尿液中形成結晶。 - **注意眼睛狀況(犬隻):** 此藥物可能會減少淚液分泌,導致「乾眼症」(乾燥性角結膜炎)。如果您發現狗狗瞇眼、揉眼睛、眼睛發紅或出現濃稠的黃綠色眼屎,請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 - **過敏反應:** 杜賓犬和某些大型犬較容易發生過敏反應。如果您發現寵物臉部腫脹、起疹子、不明原因發燒、關節僵硬/跛行,或眼睛/牙齦發黃,請立即停藥並聯繫獸醫師。 - **給藥方式:** 可與食物一起或空腹餵食。如果使用口服懸浮液,在抽取每次劑量前請**充分搖勻**。藥水不需要冷藏。 - **完成療程:** 即使您的寵物看起來已經完全康復,也請務必按照獸醫師的指示完成整個處方療程,以預防抗藥性細菌的產生。
甲氧苄啶/磺胺嘧啶 與 甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑對我的寵物安全嗎?
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育,不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適,請諮詢獸醫。