麥考酚酸酯
別名: CellCept, Cellmune, Imuxgen, Munotras, Mycept, Myfortic, Refrat
* **給藥方式：** 建議空腹給藥。但如果出現嘔吐或食慾不振，可以嘗試與食物一起餵食以觀察是否改善。 * **處理注意事項：** 由於此藥物可能導致出生缺陷，**請勿壓碎、剝半或打開膠囊/錠劑**。孕婦應避免接觸此藥物。給藥後請徹底洗手。 * **副作用：** 腸胃不適是最常見的副作用。**如果腹瀉持續、變得嚴重，或您的寵物停止進食，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。** * **感染風險：** 此藥物會抑制免疫系統。請讓您的寵物遠離生病的動物，若發現感染跡象（如嗜睡、發燒、新的皮膚病灶），請通知您的獸醫師。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- IMHA
- Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA)
- IMHA, myasthenia gravis or glomerulonephritis
- Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA)
- Adjunctive treatment of glomerulonephritis
- Pemphigus foliaceous
- Pemphigus foliaceous
- Aplastic anemia
- Rescue agent for generalized myasthenia gravis
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Diarrhea (can be severe)
- Vomiting
- Anorexia
- Lethargy / reduced activity
- Weight loss
- Lymphopenia
- Increased rates of dermal infections
- Increased susceptibility to systemic infections
- Potential increased risk of malignancy/lymphoma
- Bone marrow suppression
- Nausea
- Diarrhoea
- Increased incidence of infections (e.g., pyoderma, Malassezia)
- Increased risk of lymphoma (reported in humans)
- Headache (reported in humans)
- Hypertension (reported in humans)
- Peripheral oedema (reported in humans)
- Confusion (reported in humans)
- Coughs (reported in humans)
- Tremors (reported in humans)
注意事項與禁忌
- Documented hypersensitivity to mycophenolate
- Pregnancy (teratogenic effects noted in animal models)
- Caution in patients with severe renal dysfunction (dosage adjustment may be required)
- Caution in cats (deficient in glucuronidation metabolism)
- Pre-existing bone marrow suppression
- Pre-existing infections
- > **Black Box Warning:** In humans, mycophenolate carries a warning regarding a potential increased risk for lymphoma and susceptibility to infections associated with its use. * **Intravenous Administration:** Must be administered over at least two hours. **Do NOT give as an IV bolus or via rapid IV infusion.** * **Feline Patients:** The active metabolite (MPA) is primarily excreted as a glucuronide metabolite. Cats are deficient in this metabolic process; use with extreme caution. * **Pregnancy:** Teratogenic (increased resorptions and malformations). Avoid use during pregnancy. * **Handling:** Due to teratogenic risks, tablets or capsules should not be crushed, split, or opened. Personnel and owners should wear gloves when handling.
藥物相互作用
- Acyclovir: Increased serum concentrations of acyclovir and the phenolic glucuronide of mycophenolic acid
- Antacids (aluminum or magnesium containing): Decreased absorption of mycophenolate; separate dosing by at least 2 hours
- Aspirin (or other salicylates): Potentially increased concentrations of free mycophenolic acid
- Azathioprine: Increased risk for bone marrow suppression; use together not recommended in humans
- Iron (oral): Decreased absorption of mycophenolate; separate dosing by at least 2 hours
- Probenecid: Potentially increased serum levels of mycophenolic acid and the phenolic glucuronide of mycophenolic acid
- Vaccines (live virus): May be less effective; avoid use
- Drugs undergoing active renal tubular secretion: Competes for secretion, resulting in increased concentrations of either drug
- Antacids (e.g., omeprazole): Concomitant administration may decrease the absorption of mycophenolate
常見問題
麥考酚酸酯用於寵物有甚麼用途？
• 給藥方式： 建議空腹給藥。但如果出現嘔吐或食慾不振，可以嘗試與食物一起餵食以觀察是否改善。 • 處理注意事項： 由於此藥物可能導致出生缺陷，請勿壓碎、剝半或打開膠囊/錠劑。孕婦應避免接觸此藥物。給藥後請徹底洗手。 • 副作用： 腸胃不適是最常見的副作用。如果腹瀉持續、變得嚴重，或您的寵物停止進食，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 • 感染風險： 此藥物會抑制免疫系統。請讓您的寵物遠離生病的動物，若發現感染跡象（如嗜睡、發燒、新的皮膚病灶），請通知您的獸醫師。
麥考酚酸酯對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。