Chloramphenicol
別名: Chloromycetin, Chloroptic, Kemicetine, Minims, Optrex, Chlorogen
> **CRITICAL SAFETY WARNING:** Chloramphenicol can cause a rare but fatal blood disorder (aplastic anemia) in humans. * **Handling:** You **must wear gloves** when applying this medication. Wash your hands thoroughly afterward. Avoid any contact with your skin, eyes, or mouth. * **Application:** Apply exactly as directed by your veterinarian. Do not touch the tip of the tube or bottle to the eye. * **Restrictions:** Never use this medication in animals intended for food.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Established corneal infection
- Ophthalmic infections
- Systemic infections
- CNS infections
- Prophylaxis following surgery or Mycoplasma/chlamydial conjunctivitis
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Fatal aplastic anemia in humans (exposure risk)
- Local irritation (rare)
注意事項與禁忌
- Food-producing animals
- Known hypersensitivity to chloramphenicol
- **Human Toxicity Warning:** Chloramphenicol exposure in humans has resulted in fatal aplastic anemia. Use with extreme caution. Clients must use appropriate safeguards (e.g., wearing gloves) when applying the drug and avoid contact with drops or solutions. Must not be used in any food-producing animal.
藥物相互作用
- Pentobarbital: Irreversible inhibition of hepatic cytochrome P450 increases plasma levels of pentobarbital. Recovery takes up to 3 weeks.
- Phenobarbital: Irreversible inhibition of hepatic cytochrome P450 increases plasma levels of phenobarbital. Recovery takes up to 3 weeks.
- Propofol: Irreversible inhibition of hepatic cytochrome P450 increases plasma levels of propofol. Recovery takes up to 3 weeks.
- Oral hypoglycaemic agents: Irreversible inhibition of hepatic cytochrome P450 increases plasma levels of hypoglycaemics.
- Rifampin: Accelerates the metabolism of chloramphenicol, decreasing serum levels.
- Aminoglycosides: Chloramphenicol may inhibit the bactericidal activity of aminoglycosides.
- Beta-lactams: Chloramphenicol may inhibit the bactericidal activity of beta-lactams.
- Macrolides: May competitively inhibit macrolide antimicrobials at the 50S ribosomal subunit.
- Lincosamides: May competitively inhibit lincosamide antimicrobials at the 50S ribosomal subunit.
常見問題
Chloramphenicol用於寵物有甚麼用途？
> **CRITICAL SAFETY WARNING:** Chloramphenicol can cause a rare but fatal blood disorder (aplastic anemia) in humans. * **Handling:** You **must wear gloves** when applying this medication. Wash your hands thoroughly afterward. Avoid any contact with your skin, eyes, or mouth. * **Application:** Apply exactly as directed by your veterinarian. Do not touch the tip of the tube or bottle to the eye. * **Restrictions:** Never use this medication in animals intended for food.
Chloramphenicol對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。