Hyperaldosteronism
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Juga dikenali sebagai: Primary hyperaldosteronism, Conn's syndrome
Ringkasnya
Primary hyperaldosteronism, or Conn's syndrome, is an uncommon endocrine disorder in dogs and cats caused by an adrenal tumor that overproduces aldosterone. This leads to severe potassium depletion and high blood pressure, resulting in weakness and lethargy.
TL;DR. Tumor adrenal hasilkan aldosteron berlebihan: hipokalemia dan hipertensi.
Boleh menyebabkan kelemahan dan kelesuan.
Apakah itu?
Hiperaldosteronisme primer (sindrom Conn): tumor korteks adrenal merembes aldosteron berlebihan; buah pinggang mengekalkan natrium dan kehilangan kalium. Hipertensi daripada penahanan cecair; kelemahan otot mendalam daripada hipokalemia.
Punca dan faktor risiko
Hampir selalu adenoma atau adenokarsinoma korteks adrenal. Pertengahan umur hingga tua. Doberman Pinscher predisposisi; jarang secara keseluruhan.
Tanda
- Hipokalemia (kardinal)
- Kelemahan (biasa; kucing: ventrofleksi serviks)
- Kelesuan (biasa)
- Hipertensi sistemik (biasa)
- Hipernatremia (biasa)
Kelemahan otot dan kelesuan apabila kalium rendah.
Diagnosis
Biokimia serum (Na tinggi, K rendah), tekanan darah, ultrasound abdomen untuk jisim adrenal, aldosteron serum/air kencing.
"Excessive secretion of aldosterone causes sodium retention and potassium depletion, which manifest as increased serum sodium (>155 mEq/L) and decreased serum potassium (<3.0 mEq/L) concentrations."
Ultrasound membantu mencari jisim adrenal.
Rawatan
Adrenalektomi jika setempat dan boleh dibuang. Jika tidak, tambahan kalium dan ubat tekanan seumur hidup. Pembedahan adrenal berisiko berhampiran salur besar.
Prognosis
Cemerlang selepas pembuangan jisim benign berjaya. Berhati-hati dengan rawatan perubatan sahaja atau penyakit invasif.
Pencegahan
Tiada pencegahan primer. Ujian senior dan pengukuran tekanan membolehkan pengesanan lebih awal.
Bila memanggil
Kecemasan jika: kelemahan mendalam secara tiba-tiba, buta tiba-tiba/anak mata melebar, rebah.
Sumber
- Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, page 892.
- 2018 ACVIM Guidelines for the identification, evaluation, and management of systemic hypertension in dogs and cats.
My highlights & notes
Tanda & simptom
Baka berisiko lebih tinggi
Cara didiagnosis
- Abdominal Ultrasound
- Serum and urine aldosterone concentrations
- Serum Biochemistry
- Systemic blood pressure measurement
Soalan lazim
What is Hyperaldosteronism?
Primary hyperaldosteronism, or Conn's syndrome, is an uncommon endocrine disorder in dogs and cats caused by an adrenal tumor that overproduces aldosterone. This leads to severe potassium depletion and high blood pressure, resulting in weakness and lethargy.
What are the symptoms of Hyperaldosteronism?
Hypokalemia、Hypernatremia、Lethargy、Systemic hypertension、Weakness (low energy, no strength)
How is Hyperaldosteronism diagnosed?
Abdominal Ultrasound、Serum and urine aldosterone concentrations、Serum Biochemistry、Systemic blood pressure measurement
Sumber
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 892
- 2018 ACVIM Guidelines for the identification, evaluation, and management of systemic hypertension in dogs and cats
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 892
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