Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes mellitus
Juga dikenali sebagai: IDDM, NIDDM, Transient diabetes mellitus
Ringkasnya
Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder in dogs and cats characterized by high blood sugar and glucose in the urine. While dogs almost always require lifelong insulin therapy, cats often experience a form of the disease that can sometimes go into remission with prompt, appropriate care.
TL;DR. Keadaan metabolik biasa dengan regulasi gula darah terjejas; dahaga, kencing, selera dan penurunan berat meningkat memerlukan pengurusan seumur hidup.
Mekanisme berbeza antara anjing dan kucing.
Apa itu?
Kekurangan atau rintangan insulin → hiperglisemia dan glikosuria. Anjing hampir selalu jenis 1 (bergantung insulin). Kucing sering jenis 2; remisi mungkin dengan rawatan awal agresif.
"Virtually all dogs with diabetes have type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the time of diagnosis."
Punca
Anjing: imun-mediated, genetik. Kucing: amiloidosis pulau, obesiti, pankreatitis, steroid/progestagen.
Tanda
- Polidipsia, poliuria, polifagia, penurunan berat (kardinal)
- Lesu, bulu lemah, katarak/buta (anjing biasa)
- Postur plantigrade, kelemahan belakang (kucing)
Postur plantigrade akibat neuropati diabetik kucing.
Diagnosis
Hiperglisemia berpuasa berterusan dan glikosuria; fruktosamin; kadang lipase pankreas; jalur keton.
Urinalisis mengesahkan glukosa dan mencari keton.
Rawatan
Insulin s.c., biasanya 2×/hari selepas makan. Kucing: tinggi protein, rendah karbohidrat; anjing: tinggi serat. Oral (cth. glipizide) jarang, hanya kucing dengan sel β sisa.
Prognosis
Anjing kelangsungan purata ~3 tahun; selepas 6 bulan stabil sering lebih lama. Kucing berubah-ubah; remisi mungkin.
Bila jumpa doktor haiwan
Kecemasan: muntah, anoreksia, kelemahan melampau (DKA) atau hipoglisemia (gegaran, rebah, sawan).
Sumber
- Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, pages 814, 832, 834, 843.
My highlights & notes
Tanda & simptom
Baka berisiko lebih tinggi
Cara didiagnosis
- GlycosuriaStandard emas
- Persistent fasting hyperglycemiaStandard emas
- Serum fructosamine concentration
- Serum pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity
- Urine reagent test strips
Pendekatan rawatan
Rawatan mesti dipreskripsikan doktor haiwan berlesen. Dos khusus sengaja tidak dipaparkan.
Soalan lazim
What is Diabetes Mellitus?
Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder in dogs and cats characterized by high blood sugar and glucose in the urine. While dogs almost always require lifelong insulin therapy, cats often experience a form of the disease that can sometimes go into remission with prompt, appropriate care.
What are the symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus?
Polydipsia、Increased appetite、Excessive urination、Weight loss (getting thinner)、Blindness (loss of vision)、Cataracts、Lethargy、lack of grooming behavior
How is Diabetes Mellitus diagnosed?
Glycosuria、Persistent fasting hyperglycemia、Serum fructosamine concentration、Serum pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity、Urine reagent test strips
How is Diabetes Mellitus treated?
Rawatan mesti dipreskripsikan doktor haiwan berlesen. Dos khusus sengaja tidak dipaparkan.
Sumber
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 814
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 834
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 843
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 832
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 814
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 832
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