Rodenticide Toxicity
Også kendt som: Rodenticide Intoxication, Rodenticide Poisoning, Anticoagulant Rodenticide Toxicity
Kort sagt
Rodenticide poisoning is a common and life-threatening veterinary emergency that occurs when pets ingest rat or mouse bait, leading to severe internal bleeding, neurological damage, or organ failure depending on the chemical involved. Immediate veterinary intervention is critical for survival.
TL;DR. Livstruende nod: blødning eller organsvigt afhaengigt af toksinet.
Agn midler lokker skadedyr og nysgerrige kaledyr.
Hvad er det?
Chemical baits against rats/mice. Classes: anticoagulants (vitamin K block; coagulopathy), bromethalin (neurotoxin; cerebral edema), cholecalciferol (hypercalcemia; renal failure), zinc phosphide (phosphine gas), strychnine (muscle rigidity).
Årsager og risikofaktorer
Direct bait ingestion; cats also secondary poisoning via prey. Dogs often indiscriminate eaters. Consider blood types if transfusion needed (type B cats).
Tegn at holde øje med
- Hemorrhage (cardinal for anticoagulants): epistaxis, hematuria, melena, petechiae (often 2-5 days after ingestion)
- Lethargy, pale mucous membranes, anemia, vomiting (common)
- Respiratory distress, ataxia, tremors/seizures, rigidity, PU/PD (toxin-dependent)
Bleg slimhinde signalerer alvorligt blodtab.
Hvordan dyrlæger diagnosticerer
Identify active ingredient from packaging. PT/aPTT, PIVKA, anticoagulant screen, CBC, blood gas, thoracic/abdominal imaging for internal bleeding.
Toraxrontgen hjaelper med at finde indre blødning.
Behandling
Early emesis (e.g. Apomorphine in dogs), Activated Charcoal. Anticoagulants: Phytonadione (vitamin K1) for weeks. Support: oxygen, plasma/blood transfusion.
Prognose
Anticoagulants: excellent with early decontamination before bleeding; guarded with severe internal hemorrhage. Bromethalin/phosphide/cholecalciferol: guarded to poor after clinical signs.
Forebyggelse
Prefer traps; secure baits in stations only; keep packaging/photos of ingredients; limit hunting of rodents.
Hvornår ringe til dyrlægen
Grade-5 emergency. Known/suspected ingestion, captured rodent in bait areas, unexplained bleeding, tremors/seizures: go now.
Kilder
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition, pages 656, 659, 660, 661.
- Internal Medicine, 5th Edition, page 1291.
My highlights & notes
Tegn og symptomer
Racer med højere risiko
Hvordan det diagnosticeres
- Anticoagulant rodenticide screen using spectrophotometryGuldstandard
- Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
- Blood gas analysis
- Blood smear
- Proteins induced by vitamin K antagonism (PIVKA)
- Prothrombin time (PT) / One-stage prothrombin time (OSPT)
- Radiography
- Thoracic and abdominal ultrasonography
Behandlingsmetoder
Behandling skal ordineres af en autoriseret dyrlæge. Specifikke doser vises bevidst ikke.
Ofte stillede spørgsmål
What is Rodenticide Toxicity?
Rodenticide poisoning is a common and life-threatening veterinary emergency that occurs when pets ingest rat or mouse bait, leading to severe internal bleeding, neurological damage, or organ failure depending on the chemical involved. Immediate veterinary intervention is critical for survival.
What are the symptoms of Rodenticide Toxicity?
Hemorrhage、Anaemia (pale gums)、Lethargy、Pale mucous membranes、Low platelets、Vomiting (throwing up)、Loss of appetite、Ataxia (wobbly, unsteady walking)
How is Rodenticide Toxicity diagnosed?
Anticoagulant rodenticide screen using spectrophotometry、Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)、Blood gas analysis、Blood smear、Proteins induced by vitamin K antagonism (PIVKA)、Prothrombin time (PT) / One-stage prothrombin time (OSPT)
How is Rodenticide Toxicity treated?
Behandling skal ordineres af en autoriseret dyrlæge. Specifikke doser vises bevidst ikke.
Kilder
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 661
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 659
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 660
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 660
- Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1291
- Small Animal Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Edition (VetBooks.ir) · p. 656
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