伊維菌素
別名: Heartgard, Ivomec, Equimectrin, Eqvalan, Zimectrin, Equimax, Phoenectin, Tri-Heart Plus, Panacur Plus, Stromectol, Otimectin Vet, Panomec
### 寵物主人重要須知 * **心絲蟲預防:** 當以處方的低劑量用於預防心絲蟲時,伊維菌素對所有品種的犬貓都非常安全。 * **品種敏感性:** 某些牧羊犬品種(如牧羊犬、澳洲牧羊犬和喜樂蒂牧羊犬)可能帶有基因突變,使其在較高劑量下對伊維菌素極度敏感。在將此藥物用於治療毛囊蟲等疾病前,您的獸醫師可能會建議進行基因檢測。 * **毒性徵兆:** 如果您的寵物在服藥後出現步態不穩、瞳孔放大、流口水、發抖、嗜睡或失明等症狀,請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 * **操作注意事項:** 如果使用大型動物的液體或膏狀產品,使用後請洗手,並避免接觸眼睛。處理藥物時請勿進食或吸菸。 * **環境安全:** 請妥善處理未用完的產品。伊維菌素對魚類和水生生物具有高毒性;請勿將其丟棄於湖泊、溪流或池塘中。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- As a preventative for heartworm
- For Aelurostrongylus abstrusus
- Ear mites
- For susceptible parasites
- For general control of endo- and ectoparasites in potbellied pigs
- For prevention of heartworm disease
- To treat heartworm disease using the very slow protocol
- For nasal bot infection
- For susceptible parasites
- For adjunctive treatment of meningeal worm (Parelaphostrongylus tenuis)
- Camelids: For susceptible parasites
- Camelids: For GI helminths
- Camelids: For adjunctive treatment of meningeal worm
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Horses: Ventral midline swelling and pruritus (hypersensitivity to dying Onchocerca microfilariae)
- Dogs: Shock-like reaction (when used as microfilaricide), depression, hypothermia, vomiting
- Dogs (MDR1/Toxicity): Ataxia, lethargy, hypersalivation, mydriasis, tremors, seizures, blindness, coma
- Cats: Agitation, vocalization, anorexia, mydriasis, rear limb paresis, tremors, disorientation, blindness
- Cattle: Paralysis/staggering or salivation/bloat (if Hypoderma bovis larvae are killed in vital areas), injection site swelling
- Birds: Lethargy, anorexia, death (especially in finches and budgerigars)
- Neurotoxicity (ataxia, tremors, mydriasis, blindness, coma, death) - especially in MDR1-mutant dogs
- Hypersalivation
- Vomiting
- Lethargy
- Bradycardia
注意事項與禁忌
- Foals less than 4 months old (manufacturer recommendation)
- Puppies less than 6 weeks old
- Breeds susceptible to ABCB1-1Δ (MDR1) mutation at high doses (unless tested normal)
- Chelonians (turtles, tortoises)
- Indigo snakes
- Skinks
- Lactating dairy animals (no milk withdrawal established)
- Females of breeding age (cattle/swine, per label)
- Dogs with the MDR1 (ABCB1) gene mutation (unless using strictly at low heartworm preventative doses)
- Chelonians (turtles and tortoises) - causes fatal flaccid paralysis
- Kittens under 16 weeks of age (for topical ear gel)
- Use of concentrated livestock formulations in small animals
藥物相互作用
- Benzodiazepines: Effects may be potentiated by ivermectin; concurrent use is not advised.
- Ketamine: Avoid ivermectin in reptiles within 10 days of ketamine administration.
- Spinosad: Increased risk of neurotoxicity; do not use with high extra-label doses of ivermectin.
- Amiodarone: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
- Carvedilol: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
- Clarithromycin: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
- Cyclosporine: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
- Diltiazem: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
- Erythromycin: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
- Itraconazole: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
- Ketoconazole: Strong P-glycoprotein inhibitor; should never be used with ivermectin in dogs.
常見問題
伊維菌素用於寵物有什麼用途?
### 寵物主人重要須知 * **心絲蟲預防:** 當以處方的低劑量用於預防心絲蟲時,伊維菌素對所有品種的犬貓都非常安全。 * **品種敏感性:** 某些牧羊犬品種(如牧羊犬、澳洲牧羊犬和喜樂蒂牧羊犬)可能帶有基因突變,使其在較高劑量下對伊維菌素極度敏感。在將此藥物用於治療毛囊蟲等疾病前,您的獸醫師可能會建議進行基因檢測。 * **毒性徵兆:** 如果您的寵物在服藥後出現步態不穩、瞳孔放大、流口水、發抖、嗜睡或失明等症狀,請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 * **操作注意事項:** 如果使用大型動物的液體或膏狀產品,使用後請洗手,並避免接觸眼睛。處理藥物時請勿進食或吸菸。 * **環境安全:** 請妥善處理未用完的產品。伊維菌素對魚類和水生生物具有高毒性;請勿將其丟棄於湖泊、溪流或池塘中。
伊維菌素對我的寵物安全嗎?
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育,不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適,請諮詢獸醫。