伊維菌素

用途

• As a preventative for heartworm
• For Aelurostrongylus abstrusus
• Ear mites
• For susceptible parasites
• For general control of endo- and ectoparasites in potbellied pigs
• For prevention of heartworm disease
• To treat heartworm disease using the very slow protocol
• For nasal bot infection
• For susceptible parasites
• For adjunctive treatment of meningeal worm (Parelaphostrongylus tenuis)
• Camelids: For susceptible parasites
• Camelids: For GI helminths
• Camelids: For adjunctive treatment of meningeal worm

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Horses: Ventral midline swelling and pruritus (hypersensitivity to dying Onchocerca microfilariae)
• Dogs: Shock-like reaction (when used as microfilaricide), depression, hypothermia, vomiting
• Dogs (MDR1/Toxicity): Ataxia, lethargy, hypersalivation, mydriasis, tremors, seizures, blindness, coma
• Cats: Agitation, vocalization, anorexia, mydriasis, rear limb paresis, tremors, disorientation, blindness
• Cattle: Paralysis/staggering or salivation/bloat (if Hypoderma bovis larvae are killed in vital areas), injection site swelling
• Birds: Lethargy, anorexia, death (especially in finches and budgerigars)
• Neurotoxicity (ataxia, tremors, mydriasis, blindness, coma, death) - especially in MDR1-mutant dogs
• Hypersalivation
• Vomiting
• Lethargy
• Bradycardia

注意事項與禁忌

• Foals less than 4 months old (manufacturer recommendation)
• Puppies less than 6 weeks old
• Breeds susceptible to ABCB1-1Δ (MDR1) mutation at high doses (unless tested normal)
• Chelonians (turtles, tortoises)
• Indigo snakes
• Skinks
• Lactating dairy animals (no milk withdrawal established)
• Females of breeding age (cattle/swine, per label)
• Dogs with the MDR1 (ABCB1) gene mutation (unless using strictly at low heartworm preventative doses)
• Chelonians (turtles and tortoises) - causes fatal flaccid paralysis
• Kittens under 16 weeks of age (for topical ear gel)
• Use of concentrated livestock formulations in small animals

藥物相互作用

• Benzodiazepines: Effects may be potentiated by ivermectin; concurrent use is not advised.
• Ketamine: Avoid ivermectin in reptiles within 10 days of ketamine administration.
• Spinosad: Increased risk of neurotoxicity; do not use with high extra-label doses of ivermectin.
• Amiodarone: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
• Carvedilol: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
• Clarithromycin: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
• Cyclosporine: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
• Diltiazem: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
• Erythromycin: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
• Itraconazole: P-glycoprotein inhibitor; increases risk of ivermectin CNS toxicity.
• Ketoconazole: Strong P-glycoprotein inhibitor; should never be used with ivermectin in dogs.

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