Mitoxantrone
別名: Novantrone
> **Important Chemotherapy Safety** > Your pet is receiving a potent chemotherapy drug. The drug and its breakdown products can be found in your pet's urine for up to 6 days and in their feces for up to 7 days after treatment. * **Waste Management:** Wear disposable gloves when cleaning up urine, feces, or vomit. Double-bag the waste before placing it in the regular trash. Wash your hands thoroughly afterward. * **Color Changes:** You may notice your pet's urine turning a **blue-green color**, or a slight bluish tint to the whites of their eyes (sclera). **Do not panic**—this is a normal, harmless effect of the drug's dark blue dye. * **Side Effects to Watch For:** Monitor your pet closely for loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, or extreme lethargy. Because this drug lowers white blood cell counts, your pet is at a higher risk for infection. * **When to Call the Vet:** Contact your veterinarian immediately if your pet develops a fever, severe vomiting/diarrhea, or if a cat experiences any seizure activity.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Soft-tissue sarcomas
- Effective dose (general)
- Single rescue agent for lymphoma
- Transitional cell carcinoma
- Lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, mammary gland tumors, etc.
- Single rescue agent for lymphoma
- Rescue agent for canine lymphoma
- Transitional cell carcinoma after laser ablation of the primary tumor
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Dose-dependent GI distress (vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea)
- Bone marrow depression (neutropenia, sepsis; nadir typically around day 10)
- Non-regenerative anemia
- Lethargy
- Seizures (specifically noted in cats)
- Blue-green discoloration of urine and sclera (benign)
- Tissue necrosis or phlebitis (if extravasated, though less severe than doxorubicin)
- Rarely: conjunctivitis, jaundice, renal failure, allergic reactions, thrombocytopenia
- Gastrointestinal signs (vomiting, anorexia, diarrhoea)
- Bone marrow depression (WBC nadir generally at 10 days)
- Seizure activity (reported in cats)
- Blue discoloration of urine and sclera (very rare)
注意事項與禁忌
- Severe pre-existing myelosuppression
- Concurrent active infection
- Significantly impaired cardiac function
- Patients with prior extensive cytotoxic drug or radiation exposure (relative)
- Pregnancy (FDA Category D) and nursing mothers
- Pre-existing myelosuppression
- Concurrent infection
- Hepatic disease
- Impaired cardiac function
- **Handling Precautions:** Mitoxantrone is a cytotoxic agent. Strict adherence to safe handling, administration, and disposal protocols for chemotherapeutic agents is mandatory to protect veterinary personnel. **Extravasation Risk:** While generally considered an irritant rather than a severe vesicant like doxorubicin, extravasation can still cause tissue necrosis. Ensure a perfectly placed, clean IV catheter before administration. **Organ Function:** Use with caution in patients with impaired hepatic function or hyperuricemia/hyperuricuria.
藥物相互作用
- Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, or Radiation Therapy: Cardiotoxicity risks may be enhanced in patients that have previously received these therapies to the mediastinum.
- Immunosuppressant Drugs (e.g., azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids): Concurrent use may significantly increase the risk of severe infection.
- Myelosuppressive Drugs (e.g., chloramphenicol, flucytosine, amphotericin B, colchicine): Additive bone marrow depression; use with extreme caution.
- Live Vaccines: Increased risk of vaccine-induced infection; should be used with extreme caution or avoided during therapy.
- Myelosuppressive agents: Increased risk of severe bone marrow depression
- Immunosuppressive agents: Increased risk of severe immunosuppression and infection
- Heparin: Chemically incompatible
常見問題
Mitoxantrone用於寵物有甚麼用途？
> **Important Chemotherapy Safety** > Your pet is receiving a potent chemotherapy drug. The drug and its breakdown products can be found in your pet's urine for up to 6 days and in their feces for up to 7 days after treatment. * **Waste Management:** Wear disposable gloves when cleaning up urine, feces, or vomit. Double-bag the waste before placing it in the regular trash. Wash your hands thoroughly afterward. * **Color Changes:** You may notice your pet's urine turning a **blue-green color**, or a slight bluish tint to the whites of their eyes (sclera). **Do not panic**—this is a normal, harmless effect of the drug's dark blue dye. * **Side Effects to Watch For:** Monitor your pet closely for loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, or extreme lethargy. Because this drug lowers white blood cell counts, your pet is at a higher risk for infection. * **When to Call the Vet:** Contact your veterinarian immediately if your pet develops a fever, severe vomiting/diarrhea, or if a cat experiences any seizure activity.
Mitoxantrone對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。