Asparaginase
Also known as: Elspar, Crasnitin, Crasnitine, Erwinase, Kidrolase, LAsp, Laspar, Leucogen, Leunase, Paronal, Serasa, Asparginase
> **Important:** Asparaginase is a chemotherapy drug, but it works differently than most and usually does not cause severe drops in white blood cell counts. * **Allergic Reactions:** Because this drug is a protein derived from bacteria, allergic reactions (panting, facial swelling, vomiting, restlessness, collapse) can occur, usually right after the injection. We will often give an antihistamine beforehand to help prevent this. * **Pancreas and Liver:** It can occasionally cause inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) or liver issues. Watch closely for severe vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or yellowing of the eyes/gums. * **Bleeding:** Contact your vet immediately if you notice unexplained bruising, bleeding gums, or bloody diarrhea. * **Safety:** Your pet's waste may contain traces of the drug for a few days. Follow your oncologist's guidelines for safe handling of urine and feces.
Dosage must be set by your veterinarian for your specific pet. Never give human medication or another pet’s prescription without veterinary guidance.
What it is used for
- Lymphoid malignancies / Leukemia
- Treatment of lymphoid malignancies
- Lymphoid malignancies / Leukemia
- Treatment of lymphoid malignancies
How it is given
Possible side effects
- Hypersensitivity reactions (vomiting, diarrhea, urticaria, pruritus, dyspnea, hypotension, collapse)
- Hemorrhagic pancreatitis
- Hepatotoxicity
- Coagulation defects
- Hyperglycemia (secondary to altered insulin synthesis)
- Leukopenia (rare)
Cautions & contraindications
- Patients with a history of anaphylaxis to asparaginase
- Patients with pancreatitis or a history of pancreatitis
- Use with caution in patients with preexisting hepatic, renal, hematologic, gastrointestinal, or CNS dysfunction. Intravenous (IV) administration is generally avoided as it significantly increases the risk of anaphylaxis. Premedication with an antihistamine (e.g., diphenhydramine) is strongly recommended. Asparaginase can be a contact irritant; wash off any inadvertent skin contact. May alter thyroid function tests by decreasing thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG).
Drug interactions
- Methotrexate: Asparaginase may reduce methotrexate effectiveness against tumor cells until serum asparagine levels return to normal.
- Prednisone: Concurrent use may increase the risk for hyperglycemia.
- Vincristine: Increased toxicity (neuropathy and erythropoiesis disruption) and myelosuppression may occur. Some oncologists recommend separating the dosing by a few days to a week.
Frequently asked questions
What is Asparaginase used for in pets?
> **Important:** Asparaginase is a chemotherapy drug, but it works differently than most and usually does not cause severe drops in white blood cell counts. * **Allergic Reactions:** Because this drug is a protein derived from bacteria, allergic reactions (panting, facial swelling, vomiting, restlessness, collapse) can occur, usually right after the injection. We will often give an antihistamine beforehand to help prevent this. * **Pancreas and Liver:** It can occasionally cause inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) or liver issues. Watch closely for severe vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or yellowing of the eyes/gums. * **Bleeding:** Contact your vet immediately if you notice unexplained bruising, bleeding gums, or bloody diarrhea. * **Safety:** Your pet's waste may contain traces of the drug for a few days. Follow your oncologist's guidelines for safe handling of urine and feces.
Is Asparaginase safe for my pet?
Dosage must be set by your veterinarian for your specific pet. Never give human medication or another pet’s prescription without veterinary guidance.
This article is for general education and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. If your pet is unwell, please consult a veterinarian.
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