盤尼西林 G / 青黴素 G

用途

• Soft tissue, systemic infections
• Soft tissue infections
• Orthopedic infections
• Resistant organisms (Actinomyces)
• Susceptible infections
• Susceptible infections
• Susceptible infections
• Susceptible infections
• Susceptible infections
• Clostridial abomasitis and enteritis in calves
• Bovine respiratory disease complex
• Susceptible infections
• Susceptible infections
• Susceptible infections

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis, urticaria, rash)
• Gastrointestinal upset (anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea) with oral use
• Procaine toxicity (CNS excitement, seizures) in small birds and horses if inadvertently given IV
• Pain or tissue reaction at IM injection sites

注意事項與禁忌

• Known hypersensitivity to penicillins or cephalosporins
• Intravenous administration of Procaine or Benzathine suspension formulations
• Oral administration in horses and hindgut fermenters (rabbits, guinea pigs) due to risk of fatal dysbiosis (unless specifically indicated, e.g., calves with clostridial enteritis)
• Use cautiously in small birds as procaine penicillin may cause procaine toxicity. Do not use oral penicillin therapy in horses for systemic infections (e.g., botulism). Ensure repository forms (procaine/benzathine) are never administered intravenously. Monitor for hypersensitivity reactions. High doses of Penicillin G Potassium given rapidly IV can cause hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias.

藥物相互作用

• Bacteriostatic Antibiotics (e.g., Tetracyclines, Macrolides): May antagonize the bactericidal activity of penicillins, which require actively dividing cells to be effective.
• Aminoglycosides (e.g., Amikacin, Gentamicin): In vivo synergy against certain bacteria; however, physically incompatible if mixed in the same syringe or IV line (inactivation of the aminoglycoside).
• Probenecid: Competitively inhibits renal tubular secretion of penicillins, significantly prolonging their half-life and increasing serum concentrations.

常見問題