來氟米特
別名: Arava
藥物類別: Immunomodulating Agent
- **試驗性用藥**：本藥物在獸醫臨床上相對屬於試驗性用藥；若發現寵物有任何異常反應（如食慾不振、嗜睡、嘔吐），請立即聯繫獸醫師。 - **安全警告**：本藥物具有致畸胎性（可能導致出生缺陷）。孕婦或計畫懷孕的婦女**絕對不可**接觸此藥物。處理藥物時請務必戴上手套，且**切勿壓碎或剝半**藥錠。 - **費用**：治療費用可能相當昂貴，但隨著學名藥的普及，價格已逐漸降低。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Immunosuppressive as part of a protocol (with cyclosporine) following organ transplant
- Adjunctive immunosuppressive for immune-mediated hemolytic anemia
- Treatment of systemic and cutaneous reactive histiocytosis
- Treatment of Evans' Syndrome in a diabetic dog
給藥方式
PO
可能的副作用
- Decreased appetite
- Lethargy
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Lymphopenia
- Anemia
- Alopecia
- Rash
- Hepatotoxicity
- Severe dermatologic reactions (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome - reported in humans)
- Gastrointestinal upset (vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia)
- Bone marrow suppression (leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia)
- Unexplained bleeding
注意事項與禁忌
- Pregnancy (Category X teratogen)
- Hypersensitivity to leflunomide
- Pre-existing immunodeficiency
- Significant renal impairment
- Pregnancy and lactation
- Pre-existing severe bone marrow suppression
- Severe hepatic impairment
- Active severe infections
- **Teratogenicity Warning**: Leflunomide is an FDA Category X teratogen. It must not be used in pregnant animals, and pregnant women should not handle this medication. **Prolonged Half-Life**: The active metabolite (A77 1726) can persist in the body for up to 2 years after discontinuation. If severe toxicity occurs, a washout procedure using cholestyramine or activated charcoal is required. Use with extreme caution in patients with hepatic disease, renal impairment, or pre-existing immunodeficiency.
藥物相互作用
- Charcoal, Activated: Can increase elimination and decrease A77 1726 drug concentrations; used for rapid washout.
- Cholestyramine: Can increase elimination and decrease A77 1726 drug concentrations; used for rapid washout.
- Hepatotoxic Agents: Increased risk for hepatotoxicity when used concurrently.
- Methotrexate: Increased risk of adverse effects and elevated ALT.
- Phenytoin: Leflunomide can increase phenytoin levels.
- Rifampin: Can increase A77 1726 peak levels.
- Vaccines, Live Virus: Should be used with extreme caution, if at all, due to immunosuppression.
- Warfarin: Leflunomide may increase INR.
- Other immunosuppressants (e.g., cyclosporine, azathioprine): Increased risk of severe immunosuppression and bone marrow toxicity
- Live vaccines: Risk of disseminated infection due to immunosuppression
常見問題
來氟米特用於寵物有什麼用途？
- **試驗性用藥**：本藥物在獸醫臨床上相對屬於試驗性用藥；若發現寵物有任何異常反應（如食慾不振、嗜睡、嘔吐），請立即聯繫獸醫師。 - **安全警告**：本藥物具有致畸胎性（可能導致出生缺陷）。孕婦或計畫懷孕的婦女**絕對不可**接觸此藥物。處理藥物時請務必戴上手套，且**切勿壓碎或剝半**藥錠。 - **費用**：治療費用可能相當昂貴，但隨著學名藥的普及，價格已逐漸降低。
來氟米特對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。