Propofol
別名: Rapinovet, PropoFlo, Diprivan, PropoClear, Fresenius Propoven, Norofol, Procare, PropoFlo Plus, PropoFol, Propofol-Lipuro Vet
Propofol is a rapid-acting anesthetic given by injection by your veterinarian to induce sleep for surgery or minor procedures. * **Fast Acting:** It works very quickly (usually within a minute) and wears off rapidly once the procedure is done, allowing for a smooth and quick wake-up. * **Safety:** It is generally very safe, even for pets with mild heart, liver, or kidney disease. Your veterinary team will closely monitor your pet's breathing and heart rate while they are asleep. * **Not a Painkiller:** Propofol makes your pet sleep but does not stop pain. Your veterinarian will use other medications alongside it to ensure your pet is comfortable and pain-free. * **Cats:** If your cat requires repeated anesthesia over several days, your veterinarian may choose a different drug, as cats process propofol more slowly than dogs.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Induction of general anesthesia (no premedication)
- Induction of general anesthesia (with premedication)
- Maintenance of general anesthesia (no premedication)
- Single injection induction (with acepromazine +/- butorphanol)
- Induction of anaesthesia (unpremedicated)
- Induction of anaesthesia (premedicated)
- Maintenance of anaesthesia
- Anesthesia (Rabbits)
- Anesthesia (Mice)
- Anesthesia (Rats)
- Anesthesia (Iguanas, Tortoises)
- Anesthesia (Snakes)
- Induction of general anesthesia (no premedication)
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Transient respiratory depression and apnea (especially with rapid IV administration)
- Arterial hypotension and bradycardia
- Cyanosis (secondary to apnea)
- Seizure-like clinical signs during induction (paddling, opisthotonus, myoclonic twitching)
- Histamine release and rare anaphylactoid reactions
- Cats (with repeated/prolonged use): Heinz body anemia, slowed recovery, anorexia, lethargy, diarrhea
- Apnoea (especially with rapid injection)
- Cyanosis
- Bradycardia
- Severe hypotension
- Muscle rigidity and tremors (dogs)
- Paradoxical muscle movements (dogs)
- Heinz body anaemia (cats, with repeated daily use)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to propofol or any component of the product
- Patients where general anesthesia or sedation is strictly contraindicated
- Use of benzyl alcohol-preserved formulations for maintenance of anaesthesia via continuous rate infusion (CRI)
- **Important Warnings:** * **Respiratory Support:** Propofol should *only* be used in facilities where intubation and artificial ventilation capabilities are immediately available. * **Administration Rate:** Give slowly (e.g., 25% of calculated dose every 30 seconds) to minimize the risk of severe apnea and cyanosis. * **Patient Status:** Use with extreme caution in patients in shock, under severe stress, or with severe trauma, hypoproteinemia, or hyperlipidemia. * **Feline Patients:** Cats with preexisting liver disease may have prolonged recoveries. Repeated daily use or prolonged CRI in cats can cause oxidative RBC injury (Heinz body anemia). * **Handling (Macroemulsion):** Contains no preservatives and is an excellent growth medium for bacteria. Handle with strict asepsis and discard unused portions within 6 hours.
藥物相互作用
- Inhalation Anesthetics (halothane, isoflurane): Propofol serum concentrations may be increased; propofol induction may require higher initial inhalant concentrations due to rapid recovery.
- Local Anesthetics: Propofol dosage requirements for sedation or hypnosis may be reduced.
- Anticholinergics: Propofol-induced bradycardia may be exacerbated, particularly when opiate premedicants are used.
- Chloramphenicol: May decrease clearance of propofol and increase recovery times.
- Clonidine: When used as a premed, may reduce propofol dosage requirements.
- CNS Depressants (acepromazine, diazepam, etc.): Increased sedative, anesthetic, and cardiorespiratory depression possible; propofol dose should generally be reduced by ~25%.
- Hepatic P-450 Inhibitors (cimetidine, ketoconazole): May potentially increase recovery times associated with propofol (especially significant in cats).
- Fentanyl: Increased risk for bradycardia.
- Medetomidine: Hypoxemia may occur when propofol is used after medetomidine; dosage adjustments and adequate monitoring required.
- Metoclopramide: May reduce the propofol dose required for induction by 20-25%.
常見問題
Propofol用於寵物有甚麼用途？
Propofol is a rapid-acting anesthetic given by injection by your veterinarian to induce sleep for surgery or minor procedures. * **Fast Acting:** It works very quickly (usually within a minute) and wears off rapidly once the procedure is done, allowing for a smooth and quick wake-up. * **Safety:** It is generally very safe, even for pets with mild heart, liver, or kidney disease. Your veterinary team will closely monitor your pet's breathing and heart rate while they are asleep. * **Not a Painkiller:** Propofol makes your pet sleep but does not stop pain. Your veterinarian will use other medications alongside it to ensure your pet is comfortable and pain-free. * **Cats:** If your cat requires repeated anesthesia over several days, your veterinarian may choose a different drug, as cats process propofol more slowly than dogs.
Propofol對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。