甲基普賴鬆 / 甲基培尼皮質醇
別名: Medrol, Depo-Medrol, Solu-Medrol, A-Methapred, Depo-Medrone, Medrone, Solu-Medrone
藥物類別: Glucocorticoid
**寵物主人重要指引：** * **切勿突然停藥：** 未經獸醫師同意，絕對不要突然停止使用此藥物。使用此藥期間，身體自然的類固醇分泌會暫停，突然停藥可能導致危及生命的危機。您的獸醫師會提供逐漸減量的計畫。 * **預期的副作用：** 寵物在服藥期間喝水量增加、排尿頻繁和食慾大增是非常常見的現象。請確保牠們隨時有乾淨的飲水，並增加帶牠們上廁所的次數。 * **注意嚴重症狀：** 如果您發現嚴重的副作用，如嘔吐、排出黑色/柏油狀糞便、血便極度嗜睡、異常喘氣或行為發生重大改變，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 * **遵照指示：** 請完全依照處方給藥。如果採用隔日給藥的計畫，在日曆上做記號有助於避免漏藥。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Labeled uses (Oral)
- Labeled uses (Injectable)
- Intralesional (sub-lesional) use
- Antiinflammatory (glucocorticoid effects)
- Intra-articular use
- Labeled uses (Oral)
- Labeled uses (Injectable)
- Intralesional (sub-lesional) use
給藥方式
POIMIVIA (intra-articular)IntralesionalIntrasynovialSC
可能的副作用
- Polyuria (PU), polydipsia (PD), polyphagia (PP)
- Iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism (Cushingoid signs) with sustained use
- HPA axis suppression
- Weight gain and lipidemias
- Dull, dry haircoat and alopecia
- Muscle wasting and weakness
- Gastrointestinal ulceration, vomiting, diarrhea, melena, hematochezia
- Elevated liver enzymes (ALP, ALT) and hepatopathy
- Pancreatitis
- Activation or worsening of diabetes mellitus (especially in cats)
- Behavioral changes (depression, lethargy, viciousness, panting)
- Extracellular hyperglycemia leading to volume expansion and potential CHF (cats)
- Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression
- Adrenal atrophy
- Weight loss (catabolic effect)
- Cutaneous atrophy (thinning of skin)
- Iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's syndrome)
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Gastrointestinal ulceration
- Increased urine glucose levels
- Decreased serum T3 and T4 levels
- Impaired wound healing
- Delayed recovery from infections
注意事項與禁忌
- Systemic fungal infections (unless used for Addison's replacement)
- Viral infections
- Arrested tuberculosis
- Peptic or corneal ulcers
- Acute psychoses
- Cushingoid syndrome
- Idiopathic thrombocytopenia (for IM administration)
- Acute local infections (for intrasynovial/intratendinous use)
- Chronic systemic therapy using sustained-release injectable forms
- Pregnant animals
- Renal disease
- Diabetes mellitus
- > **Tapering Required:** Animals receiving systemic glucocorticoids (other than short 'burst' therapy) must be tapered off slowly to allow endogenous ACTH and corticosteroid function to recover. Abrupt withdrawal can precipitate an Addisonian crisis. * **Stress Dosing:** Additional glucocorticoids may be needed during stressors (surgery, trauma, illness) during the tapering process. * **Use with Caution:** In patients with diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, predisposition to thrombophlebitis, hypertension, congestive heart failure (CHF), and renal insufficiency. * **Pregnancy:** FDA Category C. May cause teratogenic effects in early pregnancy. Exogenous steroids can induce parturition in the latter stages of pregnancy in horses and ruminants. * **Nursing Dams:** Glucocorticoids enter milk and may inhibit growth or interfere with endogenous corticosteroid production in nursing offspring.
藥物相互作用
- Amphotericin B: May cause hypokalemia; potential for CHF and cardiac enlargement
- Analgesics/Opiates/Local Anesthetics (epidural): Combination in epidurals has caused serious CNS injuries and death
- Anticholinesterase agents (e.g., pyridostigmine): May lead to profound muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis patients
- Aspirin: Glucocorticoids may reduce salicylate blood levels
- Barbiturates: May increase the metabolism of glucocorticoids and decrease blood levels
- Cyclophosphamide: Glucocorticoids may inhibit hepatic metabolism of cyclophosphamide
- Cyclosporine: May mutually inhibit hepatic metabolism, increasing blood levels of both drugs
- Potassium-depleting diuretics: May cause hypokalemia
- Ephedrine: May reduce methylprednisolone blood levels
- Estrogens: May potentiate the effects of methylprednisolone
- Insulin: Insulin requirements may increase due to glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance
- Ketoconazole and Azole Antifungals: May decrease metabolism of glucocorticoids; ketoconazole may induce adrenal insufficiency upon withdrawal
- Macrolide Antibiotics: May decrease metabolism of glucocorticoids and increase blood levels
- Mitotane: May alter steroid metabolism; higher steroid doses may be needed
- NSAIDs: Increased risk of severe gastrointestinal ulceration
- Phenobarbital: May increase metabolism of glucocorticoids and decrease blood levels
- Rifampin: May increase metabolism of glucocorticoids and decrease blood levels
- Vaccines (live attenuated): Virus replication may be augmented; diminished immune response to vaccines
- Warfarin: May affect INR values; requires monitoring
- Potassium-depleting diuretics (e.g., furosemide, thiazides): Increased risk of hypokalaemia
- Phenytoin: Enhanced metabolism of corticosteroids, potentially reducing their efficacy
- Itraconazole: Decreased metabolism of corticosteroids, potentially increasing their effects and toxicity
常見問題
甲基普賴鬆 / 甲基培尼皮質醇用於寵物有甚麼用途？
寵物主人重要指引： • 切勿突然停藥： 未經獸醫師同意，絕對不要突然停止使用此藥物。使用此藥期間，身體自然的類固醇分泌會暫停，突然停藥可能導致危及生命的危機。您的獸醫師會提供逐漸減量的計畫。 • 預期的副作用： 寵物在服藥期間喝水量增加、排尿頻繁和食慾大增是非常常見的現象。請確保牠們隨時有乾淨的飲水，並增加帶牠們上廁所的次數。 • 注意嚴重症狀： 如果您發現嚴重的副作用，如嘔吐、排出黑色/柏油狀糞便、血便極度嗜睡、異常喘氣或行為發生重大改變，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。 • 遵照指示： 請完全依照處方給藥。如果採用隔日給藥的計畫，在日曆上做記號有助於避免漏藥。
甲基普賴鬆 / 甲基培尼皮質醇對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。